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EN
This article shows an influence of Martin Luther’s understanding of ethics on the ideas concerning these matters presented by Jerzy Pilch — a contemporary Polish writer. Ethical questions and the reflections connected with them are one of the main subjects of his considerations in Dzienniki [Diaries] (2012, 2014). In his approach towards ethical problems you can see on the one hand an individual attitude, which was called by Luther “freedom from” or practical life for God, and on the other hand — a sociable attitude or “freedom to” displayed in a disposition of living for others. Everything that is concerned with morality in Pilch’s diaries, their author comments carrying out a dialogue with Lutheran tradition and provoking its adherents of Lutheranism. These, mainly ironical statements, should nonetheless be treated as the testimony of his inner struggle with the Protestant tradition and the resulting vision of the world. Katarzyna Kubisiowska, in her monograph dedicated to Pilch, puts the reader gently to this track. However, to arrive at the core of envoi of the author of Diaries, it is necessary to employ the work of a scholar, who would be able to combine three skills in his research: literary, theological and ethical.
EN
The article is an attempt to analyse relations between Polish Jews, the country of their first inhabitancy along with their Polish fellow citizens. It is an extremely complicated matter, because such relations are influenced by their fondness for the lost homeland and resentment felt towards the Poles. The selected poems of the authors, representing different generations, are analysed in the article. They reveal the whole variety of personal experiences and sentiments in a more emotive way than the works of prose. The article consists of two parts entitled: The image of sentiment and The image of resentment. They are based on the poetry of Irit Amiel, Łucja Gliksman, Renata Jabłońska, Szlomo Leser, Aleksander Rozenfeld, Jael Shalitt and Aviva Shavit-Władkowska.
EN
This article takes a look at contemporary Polish prose dealing with theme of the Shoah. “Contemporary”, in this case, means fiction published in the 1990s and after the year 2000, thus already in the twenty-first century. It therefore comprises the last twenty-five years. The fundamental categories used here in the analyses of texts, are the memory and post-memory of the Shoah. The authors who have published works over the last twenty five years have either been witnesses of these events (i.e. Children of the Holocaust), or – more often – representatives of the second or third generation after the Shoah. In this article, contemporary Polish fiction will be exemplified by the prose of Marek Bieńczyk, Piotr Szewc, Igor Ostachowicz, Mariusz Sieniewicz and Piotr Paziński. Analysis contains four categories which structure both the world represented and the form of the prose: transgression, pop-culture, history and metonymy.
EN
The first scholar who tried to categorise Judaic topoi in Polish literature was Władysław Panas. He pointed out a tripartite division of texts: the written Torah (Hebrew Bible, i.e. the Old Testament), spoken Torah (Talmud and post-rabbinic literature) and Kabbalah, all of which are known as a common treasury of images and a common cultural code containing an extensive corpus of topoi. This order was changed dramatically by the Shoah, which does not belong to the Judaic topoi, but constitutes new modern Jewish topoi. The first scholar who tried to systematise these new topoi was Sławomir Buryła. The article attempts to describe the presence of Shoah topoi in contemporary Polish literature (after 2000), using the example of Igor Ostachowicz’s prose (Noc żywych Żydów [Night of the Living Jews], 2012).
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