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  1. 3 Wieś i Rolnictwo

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  1. 1 2010

  2. 2 2009

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  1. 3 Bryla P.

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1

LONG-TERM TRENDS IN AGRICULTURAL INCOMES IN THE 'OLD' EU (Dlugofalowe tendencje zmian dochodow rolniczych w 'starej' Unii)

100%
Bryla P.
Wieś i Rolnictwo
|
2010
|
issue 3(148)
118-134
EN
The aim of the paper is to present methodological problems linked with distinguishing long-term trends in agricultural incomes, and selected results of empirical research concerning this phenomenon in the European Union in the shape before the eastern enlargement. According to the European Commission's guidelines, income is defined as a maximum amount of money that can be consumed by a beneficiary in a given period of time without diminishing the volume of a beneficiary's assets. The paper analyses the three basic aggregates of agricultural income: net value added, net operating surplus and net entrepreneurial income. It also describes the impact of the existence of various production structures on the methodology of estimating agricultural income. The empirical part of the paper presents the evolution of agricultural incomes in EU-15 and in the principal member-states (Germany, France, Italy, United Kingdom, the Netherlands) during 15-35 years, depending on the availability of source data. The following indices are used: real income of production factors in agriculture per annual work unit, real net entrepreneurial income in agriculture per unpaid annual work unit, and net entrepreneurial income in agriculture. A slightly growing long-term dynamics of agricultural income in the EU was observed, with significant fluctuations and temporary falls recorded in some member- states. There is a shortage of reliable data on the income situation of farming families, which could be used in comparisons with other socio-economic groups. The use of various definitions of a farmer and of an agricultural holding across the member-states renders difficult international comparisons of agricultural income.
2

IMPLICATIONS OF REGIONALISATION OF THE DIRECT PAYMENT SYSTEM - RESEARCH RESULTS OF FRENCH INSTITUTES (Konsekwencje regionalizacji systemu platnosci bezposrednich - wyniki badan francuskich osrodkow naukowych)

100%
Bryla P.
Wieś i Rolnictwo
|
2009
|
issue 1(142)
85-99
EN
The paper aims at presenting selected implications of various paths of modification of the direct payment system on the basis of research results of leading agricultural policy institutes in France. The starting point for the presentation is an overview of French agriculture. Then, certain financial aspects of the current system of supporting French farmers from both European and national funds are examined. Furthermore, the issue of the direct payment system losing its legitimisation in its current shape (the historical model, partially decoupled) is raised. Against this background, the author quotes the results of three simulations of CAP reforms envisaging the replacement of the current system of support with various options of regionalisation of direct payments in France. The concluding remarks contain the principles of potential agricultural policy reforms which are essential from the French perspective.
3

DETERMINANTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL AREAS WITH EMPHASIS ON EXPERIENCE STEMMING FROM SAPARD IMPLEMENTATION (Determinanty rozwoju przedsiebiorczosci na obszarach wiejskich z..uwzglednieniem ... programu SAPARD)

100%
Bryla P.
Wieś i Rolnictwo
|
2009
|
issue 2(143)
134-151
EN
Due to the specific problems of rural areas, the policy of stimulating entrepreneurship located in the countryside is becoming ever more important. The shaping of entrepreneurial attitudes and the introduction of assistance programmes for the already existing enterprises constitute the main factors of the development of entrepreneurship. Its understanding should not be confined to non-agricultural activities alone for it encompasses the modernisation of farms and the adoption by farmers of behaviour patterns which are typical for business activity. The system of incentives created by the pre-accession programme of assistance to agriculture and rural areas SAPARD fits this conceptual framework. An independent empirical research study was carried out to investigate the impact of this programme on the development of rural entrepreneurship. The last part of the paper deals with quantitative and qualitative changes in respect of stimulation of the development of rural entrepreneurship that have taken place in Poland after its accession to the European Union.
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