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EN
The National Programme for Combating Cancer for the years 2006−2015 (NPZChN) has been implemented by the Minister of Health on the basis of Article 4 of the Act of 1st July 2005 on adopting the multiannual NPZChN programme. The objectives of the programme that have been set in the Act, have not been achieved so far. NIK has for a long time called for considering some new methods that would allow for increasing the number of women participating in cancer screening, and that would provide immediate access to treatment. The indicators for early cancer detection and effectiveness of treatment are still much lower than the European averages. The Minister of Health did not provide conditions for effective achieving of the programme objectives, he did not have sufficient information on the activities of various entities that deal with cancer prevention and treatment, and he did not create an effective system for cooperation and data exchange among these entities. The effectiveness of preventive tests was low due to the low turnout of women for smear tests and mammographic tests.
EN
The aim of the paper is to draw a picture of the legal situation after the Court of Justice of the European Union judgment in UsedSoft case (3.7.2012, C-128/11). The Court stated that the online sales of the licensed software files shall be treated under certain conditions the same as sales of tangible copies with all its consequences, especially the ones concerning the exhaustion of the right to market the work. According to the abovementioned judgment a software copy once it has been sold shall be free to be resold. The process of the computer program file sale/resale can take one of three forms: resale by non-licensee, by licensee but without the license and by licensee including the license. The paper describes precisely all legal aspects of these forms of software online resale, with particular emphasis on the legal basis of the use of software by acquirer in each case and the possibility to apply the rights of the legal acquirer of computer program (article 5.1 of the software directive 2009/24/EC). Last but not least the author tries to describe the legal possibilities and consequences of the CJEU judgment implementation into the Polish legal system, concluding that it would be very difficult without the substantial changes in the Polish copyright act.
EN
The issue of the transfer of clergy to the secular state has undergone some changes due to the introduction of a new version of the rescript with the dispensation of the Dicastery for the Clergy. A modification of the position of the Holy See is noticeable, related to the increased concern for an active attitude in the Church of a clergyman transferred to the secular state. The aim of the article is to show the latest changes regarding the legal status of clergy after receiving, at their own request, a rescript with dispensation from celibacy and other obligations resulting from priestly ordination.
PL
Problematyka przeniesienia duchownych do stanu świeckiego uległa pewnym zmianom w związku z wprowadzeniem nowej wersji reskryptu z dyspensą Dykasterii ds. Duchowieństwa. Zauważalna jest modyfikacja stanowiska Stolicy Apostolskiej związana ze zwiększeniem troski o aktywną postawę w Kościele duchownego przeniesionego do stanu świeckiego. Celem artykułu jest ukazanie najnowszych zmian dotyczących stanu prawnego duchownych po otrzymaniu na własną prośbę reskryptu z dyspensą od celibatu i pozostałych obowiązków wynikających z przyjętych święceń kapłańskich.
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2019
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vol. 67
|
issue 2: Historia
175-197
PL
Początki polskiej emigracji do Argentyny sięgają XIX wieku. Polacy emigrowali do tego dalekiego, zamorskiego kraju najpierw jako osoby indywidualne, a następnie w większych grupach. Możemy wyodrębnić kilka fal polskiej emigracji zbiorowej do Argentyny: przedwojenną, czyli z okresu zaborów, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem 1897 roku, międzywojenną i powojenną, zwłaszcza z lat 1945-1950. W artykule dokonano zestawienia informacji na temat historycznych aspektów opisywanego zjawiska, wyjaśniono przyczyny wyjazdów, podkreślono znaczenie roli duchowieństwa, wymieniono najważniejsze miejsca osiedlania się Polaków oraz sposoby i formy podtrzymywania polskiej tożsamości narodowej zarówno w przeszłości, jak i w teraźniejszości.
EN
The origins of Polish emigration to Argentina date back to the 19th century. Poles emigrated to this distant, overseas country, first as individuals and then in larger groups. We can distinguish several waves of Polish collective emigration to Argentina: pre-war, that is, the period of partitions, with special regard to 1897, interwar and post-war, especially from 1945-1950. The article summarizes the information we have about the historical aspects of the phenomenon described, explains the reasons for the trips, highlights the role of the clergy, lists the most important places for Poles to settle, and the ways and forms of maintaining Polish national identity, both in the past and in the present.
EN
Doctors and other representatives of medical professions play a special role in a society, as they are entrusted with people’s health which is one of the greatest goods of a human. Surveys conducted in various systems of healthcare related to the satisfaction of persons with chronic health problems show that the main source of problems is the medical staff rather than the degree of advancement of medical technologies available. Therefore, appropriate – in accordance with the expectations of the society – education of medical staff should constitute a very important element of the health protection system. The Supreme Audit Office, taking the above in consideration, has conducted a coordinated audit of this matter.
EN
Transformations of independent public healthcare centres (SPZOZ) into limited companies was supposed to improve the effectiveness of the healthcare system. Until the 30th April 2014, 174 entities were subject to organisational and legal transformations, while in the years to come the number of entities that operate as companies is going to increase for sure. Considering the importance of the transformation process to the condition of medical entities, NIK has carried out the audit entitled “Activities of self-governmental hospitals transformed into limited companies”. The objective of the audit was to evaluate the impact of transformations on the number and scope of health services financed from the public funds (by the National Health Fund – NFZ), and on the financial situation of these hospitals in the years 2011-2014.
EN
In 2021, the Supreme Audit Office, taking into account the findings of a previous ad hoc audit, conducted the audit dedicated to registration of medicinal products and changes introduced following registration. The audit covered the years 2019–2021 (by 30 June) and focused on admitting to the market, as well as the safety of medicinal products admitted to the marked within the national procedure. Unlike in the European procedures, only Polish bodies – the President of the Office for Registration of Medicinal Products, Medical Devices and Biocidal Product (URPL) and the Chief Pharmaceutical Inspectorate (GIF) – are responsible for admitting medicinal products to the market and for supervision of their production. Moreover, the audit examined the changes introduced after registration, consisting in adding new therapeutical indications for medicinal products. Since the state bodies perform their statutory tasks via the officials they employ, the Supreme Audit Office has examined whether the President of the URPL and the GIF provided appropriate organisational conditions to fulfil these tasks.
PL
Kupując lek zakładamy, że sprzedaż w aptece gwarantuje, iż procedura jego dopuszczania do obrotu przebiegła zgodnie z prawem, a produkt został rzetelnie przebadany. Uważamy, że jest bezpieczny i skuteczny w leczeniu określonych chorób lub w ich profilaktyce oraz wytwarzany, przechowywany i dystrybuowany w warunkach gwarantujących jego jakość. Poczucie bezpieczeństwa daje nam system nadzoru, obejmujący monitorowanie i kontrolowanie procesu dostarczania leku pacjentom. Jak w praktyce wykonywane są te zadania sprawdziła Najwyższa Izba Kontroli, podejmując kontrolę organów odpowiedzialnych za dopuszczanie do obrotu produktów leczniczych.
EN
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of quality catering services on the increase of consumers’ confidence. The survey data were collected among 200 inhabitants of the district town of the province of Silesia taking into account their gender, age and occupational status. The research tool was the authoring questionnaire. The scope of the research included the quality of catering services, including customer service, and the level of customer satisfaction and know why the use of catering services. The results indicate a close correlation between the quality of catering services (cleanliness of premises, interior design, appearance / hygiene service staff) and customers’ satisfaction. The majority of the respondents seldom use the food service and catering establishments; they choose affordable business premises, mostly fast food. Then, their attention is paid to their own tastes and prices, of the offered dishes. For the polled a very important criterion for choosing a place is the service staff of the establishment (manners, hygiene, appearance). The quality of catering services is very important for the customers, as it determines the choice of the catering facility and increases consumers’ loyalty in the institution.
PL
Celem badań była ocena wpływu jakości usług gastronomicznych na przyrost zaufania konsumentów. Podstawą analizy były wyniki badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych wśród 200 mieszkańców miasta powiatowego województwa śląskiego, zróżnicowanych pod względem płci, wieku oraz statusu zawodowego. Narzędzie badawcze stanowił autorski kwestionariusz ankiety. Zakres badań obejmował jakość usług gastronomicznych, w tym obsługi klienta, a także poziom zadowolenia klienta i poznanie powodów korzystania z usług gastronomicznych. Uzyskane wyniki wykazały ścisłą korelację między jakością usług gastronomicznych (czystość lokalu, wystrój wnętrza, wygląd/higiena obsługi) a zadowoleniem klienta. Stwierdzono, iż większość respondentów rzadko korzysta z usług gastronomicznych, przy czym wybierali oni najczęściej niedrogie zakłady typu fast food. Wybierając potrawy respondenci kierowali się ich cenami oraz rekomendacją kelnera. Dla ankietowanych bardzo ważnym kryterium wyboru zakładu była jakość usług, w tym kultura personelu, higiena osobista, prezencja.
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