Sweden is required by EU law to fulfill the criteria specified in the Maastricht Treaty and adopt the euro. Nevertheless, the Swedish Parliament decided in 1997 that Sweden would not enter the third stage of Economic and Monetary Union. The aim of the article is to present the causes that stood behind this decision. Both the reports of special governmental commissions and the social attitude are analyzed.
The aim of the article is to evaluate the European Central Bank’s activity in the context of the fulfilment of the price stability criterion by the euro area Member States. The paper is divided into two major parts. The first part focuses on the Theory of Optimum Currency Areas with particular emphasis on price stability. The second part contains an attempt to assess the European Central Bank’s anti-inflationary monetary policy in the euro area.
The aim of the article is to analyse the effectiveness of the asset purchase programs implemented by the European Central Bank during the sovereign debt crisis of some euro area countries (i.e. Securities Markets Programme i Outright Monetary Transactions). We examine how those programs translate into changes in sovereign bond yields. With the aid of the Akaike information criterion we conclude that the impact of the Outright Monetary Transactions was more durable.
W artykule omówiono porozumienia handlowe zawarte między Meksykiem a innymi krajami. Wyniki analizy odpowiedzi na impuls oraz współczynników natychmiastowej quasi-korelacji wskazują na znaczący wzrost synchronizacji meksykańskiego cyklu koniunkturalnego z cyklami krajów rozwiniętych oraz na istotny wzrost wrażliwości gospodarki meksykańskiej na szoki w gospodarce światowej.
EN
In this paper we evaluate the role of trading channels in the transmission of shocks on the basis of the business cycle synchronization between the Mexican and the world economy. In order to evaluate business cycle synchronization, parameters of 2-variate VAR models for GDP growths are estimated. Measures of instantaneous quasi-correlation coefficients are calculated for the period preceding the signing of an agreement and the period of validity of the agreement.
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