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1

From the North-East Felvidék to Podkarpatská Rus (Kárpátalja), with Special Regard to the Activity of Masaryk and Beneš

100%
Gulyás L.
West Bohemian Historical Review
|
2018
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vol. 8
|
issue 2
225-238
EN
In 1918–1919 the purest region of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy joined to the Czechoslovak Republic from the Hungarian Kingdom. At the first sight this was a simple proceeding. But according to our opinion in fact, the 1918–1919 developments in the history of the North-Eastern Felvidék were influenced four factors: 1. The conflicting efforts of countries intending to keep (Hungary) and to acquire (Czechoslovakia, Romania, Poland and various Ukrainian state formations) the region. 2. The people’s assemblies of the Ruthenian and Hungarian populations, with their diverging (ukranophile, hungarophile, czechophile) orientations and their searching for allies. 3. The activity of the Ruthenian emigration in the US, strongly favouring one possible scenario (i. e. the Czechoslovakian one). 4. The great powers’ decision about the fate of the region at the Versailles peace talks. Our paper surveys a seemingly most important element of this complex process, the activity of the Czechoslovak state founders Masaryk and Beneš; we also intend to present how their work resulted in the North-East Felvidék becoming Kárpátalja.
2
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Regionalisation, Regionalism and the National Question in Tito’s Yugoslavia (1945–1980)

100%
Gulyás L.
Prague Papers on the History of International Relations
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2014
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issue 1
127-139
EN
During its brief history of 91 years it was on two occasions that the Yugoslav State came into being (1918 and 1945), after which it got disintegrated (1941 and from 1991 until today). This is why it is worth investigating the characteristic features of both stages of its disintegration. In our opinion the so‑called North‑South divide, which had always existed in the country’s economy, played a fundamental role in both periods of disintegration. This divide led to significant differences between the regions of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1918–1941), as well as the regions of the socialist Yugoslav state (1945–1991). Our paper aims to investigate how Tito’s Yugoslavia tried to deal with the problems of regional differences and it will also look at the outcomes of these attempts.
3

Ottoman Kosovo (1458–1913)

63%
Gulyás L., Csüllög G.
West Bohemian Historical Review
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2014
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vol. 4
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issue 1
45-60
EN
The aim of our research partnership was to outline the history of the area called Kosovo today, and to analyse its characteristics from the age of the Roman Empire up to now. This study is to introduce the results of the second phase of the research. In June 1458 the troops of the Ottoman Empire occupied the castle of Smederevo, the last Serbian-ruled area, and thus the Medieval state of the Serbs ceased to exist. Serbia – includig Kosovo – was under Turkish rule for almost 500 years, until as late as 1913. The 454 years of the history of Ottoman Kosovo can be divided into three shorter periods. 1. The period of relatively peaceful coexistence (1458–1683). 2. The period of srtict Turkish control (1686 – 1804). 3. The period of permanent conflicts (1804–1913). Our paper is to give and in-depth analysis of the characteristics of the above three periods, including political, economic and religios issues, ethnic processes, administrative changes and spatial processes.
4

History of Kosovo from the First Balkan War to the End of World War II (1912–1945)

63%
Gulyás L., Csüllög G.
West Bohemian Historical Review
|
2015
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vol. 5
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issue 2
219-237
EN
After the First and Second Balkan Wars (1912–1913) the territory of Kosovo was annexed to the Kingdom of Serbia. This action was made in spite of the fact that the former vilayet of Kosovo definitely had Albanian majority at the time. However, the political elite of the Kingdom of Serbia did not have time to integrate Kosovo, as World War I started in July 1914. After the First World War (1914–1918) the territory of Kosovo was annexed to Yugoslavian state. Serbians regarded the Albanians of Kosovo as a foreign body within the Yugoslavian state. In accordance with this standpoint, the Serbian political elite leading the Yugoslavian state took measures against the Albanians of Kosovo in every field of the political-economic life. Such activities of the Serbs can be described under the following categories: 1. the issue of regional administration; 2. the topic of minority rights; 3. the field of economics. In the first part of our essay we examine what happened in the above mentioned three fields in Kosovo between 1918 and 1941. It was in April 1941 when, due to the attacks by Germany and its allies, the first Yugoslav state collapsed in two weeks. In the second part of our essay we investigate the consequences of this event. We survey the birth of Greater Albania.
5
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Was the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy One of the True Great Powers? On the Historical-Geographical and Political-Geographical Aspects of the Fall of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy

63%
Nagy M. M., Gulyás L.
Central European Papers
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2013
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vol. 1
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issue 1
7-16
EN
During the period of over 50 years of its history (1867–1918), the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy played a significant role in power politics in the world and primarily in Europe. Considering its geographical features, i.e. its size and population figures, the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy was viewed as one of the world great powers. This function came to an end abruptly when the Empire dissolved in 1918. Central European and Hungarian historians have for long been arguing about the reasons and causes of the dissolution of the Monarchy. This paper aims to contribute to this academic dispute by throwing light on several specific historical-geographical and political-geographical aspects of the event. This paper investigates the above issue from three different points of view. On the one hand, it examines how the Empire in a geographical sense shifted to the East. On the other hand, it offers an insight into the ethnic and cultural diversity of the Monarchy. Finally, the paper aims to analyze the Monarchy’s failed attempt at colonization.
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