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1

Democracy in Sartre and in Our Times

100%
Kowalska M.
Przegląd Filozoficzny. Nowa Seria
|
2005
|
vol. 14
|
issue 4(56)
87-96
EN
There is strong contrast between Sartre's radical idea of democracy and the currently dominant, liberal and procedural concept of democracy. From our point of view Sartre looks now like a completely anachronistic author, or maybe a scandalous one. He not only rejected capitalism, but also despised the liberal political system, the Parliament and the idea of the 'rule of law'. Although it is tempting to write off his particular views in political philosophy as a consequence of his flirtation with communism, the authoress argues that his idea of democracy had deeper sources. It was rooted in his original philosophy of freedom conceived as negativity and spontaneity. Sartre had also moral reasons to condemn liberal democracy as 'false universality', which pushed him to postulate permanent revolution in the name of an utopian ideal of society based on 'true' freedom, 'real' equality, and 'sincere' brotherhood. The main question raised in the article is whether all Sartre's political ideas are outdated and dangerously radical. The authoress points out that it is not only possible but desirable to reintroduce them by way of a critical counterbalance in the prudent, and superficially wise conception of democracy, which continues complacently to ignore severe social problems by rejecting any proposals to view them squarely as 'scandalous' ideas, such as those that were associated with Sartre's name.
2

ON METAPHOR AND LITERALITY. REFLECTIONS ON ALEKSANDR SOLZHENITSYN'S 'THE CANCER WARD'

100%
Kowalska M.
Slavia Orientalis
|
2007
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vol. 56
|
issue 1
47-61
EN
Metaphorical nature in Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn's 'The Cancer Ward' is strictly connected with its literal sense. The author's point is visible already in the title, which reveals the analysis of the Russian term 'korpus'. The article attempts to separate the metaphorical sense from the proper realm of the novel. The author believes this to be a very important issue because the double sense of book was the main reason why it was officially considered unprintable in that time. Moreover, a campaign of defamation was launched by the public opinion against the author. Being a universal work, the novel raises problem of anthropological and ontological nature, which is veiled through its metaphorical aspect. The author proceeds to focus on the thematic aspects of the novel, which are a characteristic feature of the communism reality: customs, political events of the 'thaw' under Khrushchev, and social and cultural changes.
3
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Zasoby kapitału ludzkiego osób starszych na obszarach wiejskich Polski południowo-wschodniej

100%
Kowalska M.
Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego
|
2017
|
vol. 17[32]
|
issue 2
4
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Zmiany w produkcji i konsumpcji mleka i produktów mleczarskich w Polsce na tle UE

63%
Borawski P., Kowalska M.
Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego
|
2017
|
vol. 17[32]
|
issue 3
5

BERLIN SOCIAL SUPPORT SCALES (BSSS): POLISH VERSION OF BSSS AND PRELIMINARY RESULTS ON ITS PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES

51%
Luszczynska A., Kowalska M., Mazurkiewicz M., Schwarzer R.
Psychological Studies
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2006
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vol. 44
|
issue 3
17-27
EN
Berlin Social Support Scales (BSSS) are self-report measures to assess perceived available support, need for support, support seeking, actually received support and protective buffernig support. The objective of the study was to develop a Polish version of BSSS and to examine their psychometric properties. The data were collected in three groups of patients (n = 211) and in one group of healthy individuals (n = 421), aged 18 to 72. To test the criterion validity, other measures of social support, measures of well-being, health behaviors and self-regulatory strategies (planning) were employed. The results confirm that BSSS are internally consistent and valid measures of social support dimenstions. Confirmatory factor analysis showed reasonable fit of the four-factor model (for perceived available support, need for support, support seeking, actually received support). They indicate that the Polish version of BSSS may be a viable and reliable measure of social support dimensions.
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