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NOWA, KRUCHA MAPA EUROPEJSKICH MIGRACJI

100%
Okólski M.
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
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2017
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vol. 43
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issue 1 (163)
5-28
PL
Artykuł przedstawia główne kierunki geograficzne strumieni migracyjnych w Europie na początku XXI wieku na tle trendów migracji w 2. połowie XX wieku, w okresie stawania się przez Europę jednym z głównych globalnych obszarów imigracji. Autor dowodzi, że podstawowym czynnikiem kształtującym te trendy były zmiany polityczne na kontynencie europejskim. Wskazuje również na małą stabilność obecnych kierunków migracji i ich silną „podatność” na zmienne relacje polityczne, a także sytuację demograficzną i ekonomiczną na świecie.
EN
The paper presents main geographic directions of migration flows in Europe in the beginnings of the 21st century as a consequence of migration trends in the second half of the 20th century, i.e. in the period when Europe has become one of major global magnets for immigrants. The author argues that those trends have been fundamentally influenced by subsequent political changes on the continent. He also points to a relatively low stability of the present directions of migratory flows and their “susceptibility” to variable political relations as well as demographic and economic situation in the world.
2
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Spatial Mobility from the Perspective of the Incomplete Migration Concept

100%
Okólski M.
Central and Eastern European Migration Review
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2012
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vol. 1
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issue 1
11-35
EN
The article is devoted to the analysis of factors that influenced internal migration in Poland after the Second World War and revealing the links of internal migration with incomplete migration, a new form of international mobility of people that was characteristic of the declining stage of communist reign in Poland. It also systematises the existing knowledge about migration within and beyond Poland.
3
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Polish Emigration to the UK after 2004; Why Did So Many Come?

63%
Okólski M., Salt J.
Central and Eastern European Migration Review
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2014
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vol. 3
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issue 2
11-37
EN
Despite the abundance of studies of Polish migration to the UK immediately before and in the aftermath of accession to the EU in 2004, one fundamental question has never been clearly answered: why did so many Poles move to the UK? We have sought to provide general explanations, rather than inquiring into the range of observed diversity. We begin by putting together statistical and other data from both ends of the flow in order to assess the scale of movement to and from the UK and to determine the reasons for what may well have been the largest voluntary migration between two countries. We used data from both countries and especially the recently published statistics from the 2011 UK census to present a detailed picture of the characteristics of those involved. Polish statistics suggest a more ‘elite’ flow to the UK than to other countries. The UK census pictures a maturing settled population, still tending to occupy relatively lower skilled jobs but showing evidence of upward social mobility. The movements are particularly a response to demographic and economic factors in Poland and to a widespread but to some extent hidden shortage of labour in some sectors in the UK. These factors combine with a set of political circumstances in both countries to produce an explanatory framework that may be summarised as ‘right people, right place, and right circumstances.’
4
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Diverse, Fragile and Fragmented: The New Map of European Migration

63%
King R., Okólski M.
Central and Eastern European Migration Review
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2019
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vol. 8
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issue 1
9-32
EN
In this paper we review the significant political events and economic forces shaping contemporary migration within and into Europe. Various data sources are deployed to chronicle five phases of migration affecting the continent over the period 1945–2015: immediate postwar migrations of resettlement, the mass migration of ‘guestworkers’, the phase of economic restructuring and family reunion, asylum-seeking and irregular migration, and the more diverse dynamics unfolding in an enlarged European Union post-2004, not forgetting the spatially variable impact of the 2008 economic crisis. In recent years, in a scenario of rising migration globally, there has been an increase in intra-European migration compared to immigration from outside the continent. However, this may prove to be temporary given the convergence of economic indicators between ‘East’ and ‘West’ within the EU and the European Economic Area, and that ongoing population pressures from the global South, especially Africa, may intensify. Managing these pressures will be a major challenge from the perspective of a demographically shrinking Europe.
5
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Stan badań nad migracjami w Polsce na przełomie wieków. Próba diagnozy

51%
Horolets A., Lesińska M., Okólski M.
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
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2019
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vol. 45
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issue 2 (172)
7–42
PL
W Polsce po 1989 roku w wyniku intensyfikacji mobilności przestrzennej i zwiększenia swobody akademickiej nastąpił dynamiczny rozwój studiów migracyjnych. Po trzech dekadach transformacji ustrojowej można stwierdzić, że osiągnęły one status odrębnego pola badawczego, którego tożsamość instytucjonalną wyznaczają specjalistyczne ośrodki naukowe, duże projekty badawcze i aplikacyjne, wydawnictwa ciągłe i wpływowe monografie, kierunki studiów, nagrody przyznawane za prace magisterskie i doktorskie poświęcone migracjom oraz konferencje cykliczne. Przedstawiciele większości dyscyplin z dziedziny nauk humanistycznych i społecznych – m.in. demografii, ekonomii, socjologii, politologii, historii, antropologii, geografii – rozwijają badania nad migracjami. Jednocześnie, wiele projektów badawczych i publikacji z zakresu studiów migracyjnych cechuje interdyscyplinarność. Celem artykułu jest naszkicowanie mapy tego złożonego pola badawczego i próba zdiagnozowania jego stanu i kierunków rozwoju. Tekst przedstawia raport o stanie badań nad migracjami w Polsce po 1989 roku, przygotowany w latach 2016–2018 przez Komitet Badań nad Migracjami Polskiej Akademii Nauk.
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