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EN
It is a common misunderstanding that international lexical units have the same meaning in different languages. Yet, when we consider the use of international bound roots in Russian we can observe that their usage differs in several aspects from the usage of their equivalences in other languages (here: German). The most obvious aspect is, of course, a difference in meaning (semantic structure). However, there are more factors which lead to a different usage of international units in different languages. For example, we can see that the pragmatic marks of international units can differ because their use is determined by different factors and circumstances (frequency, text, social group etc.). Furthermore, an inter¬national unit can have a different function in conversation. We can conclude from these considerations that international units should be included in bilingual dictionaries.
EN
The article discusses the relation between lexicography and ideology. It proves that the monolingual Polish language dictionaries are designed according to the ideology of gender and that gender stereotypes can take different forms in dictionaries. The dictionaries not only reflect, but also preserve social and cultural values and rules. The analysis leads to the question, how should the ideology of gender be presented in the future, in order to avoid stereotyping?
EN
Dennis Scheller-Boltz, a well-known and acknowledged German slavist, carries out an extensive and in-depth discussion of the monograph written by Barbara Alicja Jańczak entitled Deutsch-polnische Familien: Ihre Sprachen und Familienkulturen in Deutschland und in Polen [German-Polish families: languages and family cultures in Germany and Poland]. The reviewer rightly emphasizes the novelty, relevance and accuracy of the work as well as the fact that it takes a wide range of aspects into consideration, including not only linguistic but also, among others, sociological and cultural aspects of the examined matter. The reviewer draws our attention to the fact that the conclusions the author of the monograph reaches are based on reliable and up to date sources of information such as Główny Urząd Statystyczny [the Central Statistical Office of Poland] and Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland [The Federal Statistical Office of Germany]. The form and the organization of the monograph, which in a transparent manner – using a well-constructed, lucid tables and figures – provides the reader with the great abundance of information, are, according to the reviewer, highly commendable.
EN
Dealing with questions of gender and sexual identity from a linguistic perspective requires an explicit and detailed examination of identity itself and of the variety of identity concepts. As one can see, some linguists ignore the variety of identities or, at least, the different identity concepts when they approach gender and queer linguistics questions. The current paper aims at providing a general basis for gender and queer linguistic research by offering a detailed and profound introduction to the concept of identity. Different identity concepts will be discussed and it will be shown that the knowledge on identity and identity concepts is essential for dealing with gender and queer linguistic topics. In the end, it will become clear that the prefabricated idea of man and woman as stable and universal categories is neither useful nor justified when one deals with the relation between language and identity.
XX
During the 1990s and at the beginning of the 21st century the confix euro- was part of the linguistic interest of many researchers. Its high frequency, the interesting culture-bound expansion of its semantic extent, and the development of its special functional use, all clearly and evidently distinct in comparison to German, made euro- a very popular lexical unit in many linguistic studies concerning the Polish language. Today, twenty years later, this confix still shows a high frequency in Polish; numerous compounds, containing euro- as a first constituent, can nowadays be characterised as inherent parts of Polish lexis. The special semantic spectrum and the pragmatic meaning of this confix make it necessary to consider euro- in a bilingual (general-language) dictionary. The current paper aims to show how the confix euro- is considered in different dictionaries today. Its lexicographical entry in monolingual dictionaries needs to be analysed to establish the basis for its consideration in bilingual dictionaries. It will become clear that some dictionaries call more attention to euro-, while in others euro- plays only a very marginal role or none at all. However, a satisfying and sufficient lexicographical fixation of euro- in mono- and bilingual dictionaries is still missing at present.
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