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EN
In this paper, we will talk about the origin and characteristics of the Pedagogical Missions during the Second Spanish Republic which was founded to help rural teachers with their training and to take progress to the remote areas of the Spanish country. We will appreciate how intellectuals and teachers voluntarily participated in these Missions with a philanthropic and political aim. Then, following Morales Gutierrez’s principles on social innovation, we will state that the Pedagogical Missions were an educational and social innovation in Spain before the Civil War (1936–1939). Finally, we will make a comparison between the different social intervention models in history – Charity, Beneficence, Social Justice, and Social Inclusion – and the Pedagogical Missions social intervention model which shared similar characteristics with all of them.
PL
W artykule zostały omówione geneza i charakter misji pedagogicznych z czasów Drugiej Republiki Hiszpańskiej, ustanowionych w celu niesienia pomocy wiejskim nauczycielom w procesie ich kształcenia oraz wprowadzania zmian w odległych obszarach kraju hiszpańskiego. Autorka przybliża, w jaki sposób intelektualiści i nauczyciele dobrowolnie uczestniczyli we wspomnianych misjach, realizując cele dobroczynne oraz polityczne. Następnie, zgodnie z poglądami M. Gutierreza na temat innowacji społecznych, stwierdzono, że misje pedagogiczne z okresu poprzedzającego w Hiszpanii wojnę domową (1936–1939) stanowiły przykład edukacyjnej i społecznej innowacji. Na koniec dokonano porównania między różnymi historycznymi modelami społecznej interwencji, takimi jak: wolontariat, dobroczynność, sprawiedliwość społeczna i integracja społeczna oraz model interwencji społecznej w ramach misji pedagogicznych, który prezentuje podobne cechy ze wszystkimi wymienionymi.
EN
Aim. This article presents the results of research whose aim is to establish if social networks are useful tools to promote social relationships and support for the elderly citizens. Method. One hundred thirty people over the age of 65 participated in the research. For this purpose, the scale “elderly people and social network” (elaborated ad hoc) was applied. Results and conclusion. The results obtained through descriptive analysis of the gathered data indicate that social networks provide support for elderly people who had already acquired digital competence in the past. The study also reveals that there are personal variables, especially of an educational nature, that determine the acquisition of an active role as generators and producers of digital content (prosumers). In conclusion, it could be said that social networks have a positive influence on the well-being of the elderly and their fight against undesirable loneliness. The more heterogeneous the social network is, the more active the elderly people are.
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