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The article discusses the phenomenon of compounds and idioms as a vital issue in the didactics of translation, exemplified by Polish and German. The author applies Langacker’s cognitive grammar to the description of compound nouns, explains the partial compositionality of complex linguistic units, presents their semantic types and analyses their semantic potential in the press article entitled Grauer Markt (Der Spiegel 2006/32). The cognitive analysis of its translation equivalents comprises the description of the main difficulties related to the translation of particular types of compounds, both literal and non-literal Polish constructions and the explanation of typical errors made by Polish students.
EN
The paper introduces an alternative concept of the investigations on metaphor reception, proposed within the framework of Critical Cognitive Linguistics by M. Schwarz, which presents the metaphor not only as a semantic-conceptual but also as an intentional and pragmatic phenomenon. The paper tries to explore what role metaphors play in the understanding of the migration crisis. In its main part it focuses on the analysis of different metaphors in the discourse of migration, both conventional and new (creative) ones, explores its communicative functions on the level of text, especially its perspectivity and evaluative functions, and examines the way they are expressed. The corpus of the analysis consists of metaphors taken from current German press articles, and contains also some metaphors, which were commonly used in the migration discourse in the 1980s, and 1990s.
EN
The aim of this article is to compare the cognitive research on text semantics based on R. Langacker’s model of cognitive grammar and on semantics as depicted by German linguist M. Schwarz-Friesel. The first part of this comparison discusses the process of meaning construction in both models (modular and holistic approach) and focuses on modelling of text and discourse structure, especially on description of its referential and information structure as well as its communicative dynamics in texts. The second part of comparison is devoted to the analysis of anaphoric expressions and its reception. The analysis concentrates on the comparative description of different types of anaphora and aims at explaining their canonical and noncanonical use as well as their non-referential functions.
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