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1
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Hassrede im Netz: Zur Macht von Fake News im aktuellen Flüchtlingsdiskurs

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Jakosz M.
Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław
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2020
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issue 18
181-198
EN
Fake news is false, manipulative information that spreads rapidly on the Internet, especially on social networking sites. It mainly deals with controversial topics, such as escape or migration. It is because of such false information treated by its recipients as true that refugees are suspected of, among other things, violence, thefts or obtaining additional benefits from the receiving community. The article discusses selected fake news about refugees in order to show how easy it is to be manipulated on the Internet. The main aim of fake news is to arouse negative emotions in recipients and to incite them to feel hatred and to be violent towards refugees.
2
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Grenzen der linguistischen Forschung. Iwona Bartoszewicz, Joanna Szczęk, Artur Tworek (Hrsg.) (2018): Grenzen der Sprache – Grenzen der Sprachwissenschaft II. Wrocław, Dresden: ATUT, Neisse Verlag, 373 S.

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Jakosz M.
tekst i dyskurs - text und diskurs
|
2019
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issue 12
321-331
3
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Humor w niemieckich przekazach medialnych o Polsce i Polakach

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Jakosz M.
Orbis Linguarum
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2018
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issue 51
427-443
EN
Humour in German media coverage of Poland and Poles Media play a significant role in perceiving the world and construing our conception of reality, due to the fact that the samples of social discourses exposed in them have a strong influence on the shaping of the image of the nation, opinions, attitudes, and a hierarchy of values. The present article discusses humorous content in German press, television, and internet coverage of recent years, which has reinforced the negative image of Poland and Poles in Germans’ consciousness. In the introductory part, the attention is focused on presenting the essence and functions of humour in the light of contemporary humour research, with a special emphasis placed upon interdependencies between humour, language, and discourse on the one hand, and ethnic cultures on the other, which differ in terms of preferred norms and values.
4
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Neue Studien im Bereich der kontrastiven Grammatik und Gedächtniskultur

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Jakosz M.
Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław
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2020
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issue 17
379-387
EN
The article contains a review of the forty-first volume of the academic journal Studia Germanica Gedanensia, which is devoted the most current research developments in the field of contrastive grammar and memory culture. In their papers, the authors approach such academic problems as aspect, temporality and modality in German and Polish. They also present the results of their research into ephemera and regional identity from the perspective of memory culture.
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Memy internetowe jako nowoczesne formy komunikacji multimodalnej i nośniki pamięci zbiorowej. Marta Wójcicka (2020): Mem internetowy jako multimodalny gatunek pamięci zbiorowej. Lublin: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej, 203 ss.

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Jakosz M.
tekst i dyskurs - text und diskurs
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2020
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issue 13
409–4014
EN
The goal of this contribution is to review and to discuss the content of the publication by Marta Wójcicka (2020): Mem internetowy jako multimodalny gatunek pamięci zbiorowej. Lublin: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej, 203 ss.
6
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Migration im Lichte der Interkulturalitätsforschung

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Jakosz M.
Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław
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2020
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issue 18
501-506
EN
The article is a review of a volume entitled “Interkulturelle Blicke auf Migrationsbewegungen in alten und neuen Texten”. The volume contains papers on the still common phenomenon of migration, analysed from an intercultural perspective. In their papers, both theoretical ones and those based on corpus research, the authors adopt innovative methodological approaches and refer to various academic disciplines in order to analyse old and new (literary) texts relating to migration.
7
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Etykietowanie wartościujące w polskim dyskursie politycznym (na przykładzie retoryki partii Prawo i Sprawiedliwość)

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Jakosz M.
Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław
|
2019
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issue 15
115–131
DE
Sprache ist ein Werkzeug, das neben der Informationsfunktion auch ein Träger von Emotionen und Werten ist. Dabei ist das Bewerten ein inhärentes Element des politischen Diskurses. In fast jeder Kommunikation erklären Politiker eigene Werte mit entsprechender Wertehierarchie, bewerten ihre Gegner und die sozial-politische Situation, geben Urteile ab und veranlassen die Empfänger dazu, diese zu akzeptieren. Den Gegenstand der Analyse in diesem Beitrag bilden Äußerungen ausgewählter Politiker der polnischen Regierungspartei Recht und Gerechtigkeit, die durch einen radikalen Wortschatz klare und emotionale Botschaften konstruierten, wodurch sie in der öffentlichen Meinung eine breitere Resonanz finden konnten. Die Analyse der Politikeräußerungen und der von ihnen verwendeten sprachlichen Mittel ermöglicht es, die aktuelle politische Kultur zu beschreiben sowie die Handlungsmotive, Argumentationsstrategien der Regierungspartei und die von ihr stigmatisierten Merkmale der Oppositionspolitiker zu entdecken.
EN
Language is a tool which – apart from its informative function – also conveys emotions and values. Political discourse abounds in axiological declarations. In almost any message, politicians announce what values they hold, evaluate their opponents and the socio-economic situation, make judgements, present a certain hierarchy of values and try to convince their listeners to accept it. In the paper, the author analyses the statements of several politicians from the Law and Justice party. The statements contained clear and distinct messages due to the use of drastic vocabulary, which was to guarantee their resonance among the general public. The analysis of the politicians’ statements and of the linguistic means employed by them allows us to find out what the current political culture is and to discover the ruling party’s reasons for action, its argumentation methods as well as what traits of opposition politicians are reviled by it.
8
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Humor in German media coverage of Poland and Poles

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Jakosz M.
tekst i dyskurs - text und diskurs
|
2019
|
issue 12
273-295
EN
Media play a significant role in perceiving the world and constructing our conception of reality since the samples of social discourses exposed in the media have a strong influence on the shaping of the image of nations, opinions, attitudes, and hierarchies of values. The present article discusses humorous content in German press, television, and Internet coverage from recent years, which has reinforced a negative image of Poland and Poles in German minds. In the introductory part, the attention is focused on presenting the essence and functions of humor in the light of contemporary humor research, with a special emphasis placed on the interdependencies between humor, language, and discourse on the one hand, and ethnic cultures on the other, which differ in terms of preferred norms and values.
9

Stellenwert des Deutschlernens in Polen – empirische Befunde zur Motivation zum Fremdsprachenlernen

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Jakosz M.
Prace Językoznawcze
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2020
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issue XXII/1
61–85
PL
Dane statystyczne wskazują, że Polska jest krajem, w którym odsetek uczących się języka niemieckiego jest największy na świecie. Na wstępie do artykułu przedstawiony zostanie aktualny status języka niemieckiego jako języka obcego w Polsce. W dalszej części omówione zostaną wyniki badań ankietowych, które przeprowadzono wśród uczniów w jednej z polskich szkół średnich. Ich celem było wyodrębnienie czynników wzmacniających lub osłabiających motywację do nauki języka niemieckiego. Uwaga badawcza skoncentruje się m.in. na takich aspektach, jak: nastawienie uczniów do nauki języka niemieckiego, stosowane materiały dydaktyczne, gatunki tekstów i ich tematyka, sposób organizacji zajęć, funkcja nauczyciela oraz rola uczuć i emocji na lekcjach języka niemieckiego.
EN
Some statistical data show that Poland takes the leading position in the world when it comes to the number of people learning German as a foreign language, which will be discussed in the introduction of the paper. The results of the research conducted with the use of questionnaires among high school students will be discussed in the further part of the paper. The aim of the research is to distinguish the factors enhancing and diminishing students’ motivation to learn German. Students’ attitudes towards German as a foreign language, teaching materials, text genres and their thematic organization, lesson structures, teacher roles and the affective sphere of learning German are the factors to which the author pays close attention.
10

Gestaltung des kollektiven Gedächtnisses im deutschen Mediendiskurs

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Jakosz M.
Prace Językoznawcze
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2021
|
vol. XXIII/1
49–66
PL
Pamięć zbiorowa jako zespół wyobrażeń członków wspólnoty o wybranych wydarzeniach z przeszłości stanowi cenne źródło wiedzy o kulturowej oraz komunikacyjnej kondycji jednostki i społeczeństw. Na wstępie przedstawione zostaną różne próby zdefiniowania, czym jest pamięć zbiorowa, aby wskazać na jej charakterystyczne cechy konstytutywne. W dalszej części rozważań zostaną opisane zmiany, jakie zaszły w pamięci zbiorowej Polaków od momentu zakończenia II wojny światowej aż do współczesności. Ponadto uwaga badawcza skoncentruje się na związku pamięci zbiorowej z mediami, które nadają wydarzeniom z przeszłości społecznie podzielane znaczenie i wymiar kulturowy. Celem analizy będzie odpowiedź na pytanie, w jaki sposób współczesny niemiecki dyskurs medialny kształtuje niemiecką kulturę pamięci i wpływa na stosunki polsko-niemieckie. Przedmiot analizy stanowią wybrane niemieckie filmy telewizyjne, które potwierdzają panujące w Polsce od kilku lat przekonanie, że Niemcy dystansują się od odpowiedzialności za zbrodnie popełnione podczas II wojny światowej.
EN
Collective memory as a set of beliefs held by members of a community about some past events is a valuable source of knowledge on the cultural and communicative condition of individuals and whole societies. At the beginning of the article, in order to point out its distinguishing features, the author presents various attempts to define collective memory. Next, he describes changes in the Poles’ collective memory from the end of World War II to the present. Moreover, he concentrates on the relationship between collective memory and the media, which impart a shared meaning and cultural dimension to past events. The aim of his analysis is to answer the question how the current German media discourse shapes the German culture of memory and impacts on the relationships between Poland and Germany. The analysis covers selected German television films. They confirm the belief, popular in Poland for the last few years, that the Germans are becoming reluctant to take responsibility for their crimes committed during World War II.
11
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Polskie nekrologi w prasie – sposoby wartościowania językowego (na przykładzie „Gazety Wyborczej”)

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Jakosz M.
Postscriptum Polonistyczne
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2010
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issue 2(6)
219-235
EN
The author of the article analyzes Polish obituary notices published in „Gazeta Wyborcza” (the nationwide newspaper published daily). In the beginning the characteristic features and types of this genre has been discussed. The author attempts to explain also how valuation is understood in linguistic context and through which means it is realized. He has fully ana-lyzed selected obituary notices regarding them from linguistic and axiological perspective. His aim has been to show what was being valuated in obituary notices and how it was mani-fested in different elements of such texts (initial formula, identification and characteristics of a person who died, the ending of the obituary notice).
12
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Argumentationsstile im Deutschen und im Arabischen aus kontrastiver Sicht

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Jakosz M.
Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław
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2021
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issue 19
493-499
EN
The article is a review of the monograph entitled Argumentationspraktiken im Vergleich by Abdel-Hafiez Massud. The monograph is devoted to a linguistic comparison between argumentation patterns in German and Arabic. The author describes linguistic and extralinguistic measures used in the process of intercultural communication to convince others of our point of view or to persuade them to take a specific step. The publication consists of three thematic parts: argumentation in the online media, argumentation as an intercultural phenomenon, and teaching argumentation skills. The first part focuses on the issue of argumentation patterns preferred by both internauts and companies in the digital world. Argumentative speech acts, such as protesting or apologizing, are discussed on the basis of various text types, for instance German and Arabic protests on Twitter, answers given by companies to customers’ online complaints, and „About us” sections on German private school websites. The second part, which is based on German and Arabic online complaints, is devoted to intercultural politeness and impoliteness in German and Arabic argumentation. The third part is centered around developing argumentation skills during classes in German as a foreign or second language. The value of the monograph is enhanced by the fact that it contrastively thematizes German and Arabic multimodal argumentation styles, which is a new and little explored research field. It is also important that the impact of modern communication forms in the new media on argumentation patterns and practices in both cultures has been considered. Due to its topicality and the presentation of the themes in an original manner, the publication might be of interest to linguists, particularly those researching argumentation.
13
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Emotionsausdrucksmittel auf der textuellen Ebene in ausgewählten polnischen Weblogeinträgen

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Jakosz M.
Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław
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2021
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issue 20
89-105
EN
Blogs belong to a special computer communication genre combining a website with a discussion forum. Because posts are not moderated, which means that blogosphere users are free to say whatever they want, this form of communication is conducive to the spontaneous expression of emotions. In the article, the author carries out a qualitative analysis of the textual means of expressing emotions in selected posts from a Polish blog written by a heterosexual couple. The bloggers use the following stylistic devices: replacing constituent parts (substitution), adding linguistic elements (adjunction), leaving out syntactic units (elimination), and changing the order of syntactic units (permutation). The author tries to answer two questions: what linguistic devices and why those ones are used by women and men in blogs to express emotions. The analysis indicates that the array of linguistic devices used is quite diverse. Rethorical questions, swear words, anaphoras, and ironic similes can be found in posts written by representatives of both genders. The use of emphasis to enhance the expression of emotions is characteristic of the female blogger. In the male blogger’s posts, one can come across swear words, colloquialisms, and irony. An analysis of a greater number of posts written by various bloggers would make it possible to investigate more thoroughly the language of genders and the way women and men express themselves in internet discourse. An examination of the manner in which women and men communicate in the digital world what they feel may contribute to gaining a better understanding of their use of language and their style.
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