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EN
The article is an attempt to present the linguistic explication of the feeling of fear in the Russian language. As it was proved by the linguistic data, the lexeme ‘fear’ (‘страх’) has several synonyms with different semantic value, such as ‘тревога’, ‘ужас’, ‘паника’. The feeling itself can be caused by real or irrational circumstances treated or estimated by the subject as threat. The paper analyses the expressions, phraseologisms and proverbs related to the feeling of fear. They present how the word ‘fear’ (‘страх’) is used in the language and on its semantic level. What is more, the phraseologisms prove that the majority of physical symptoms of the feeling ‘fear’ obtain their linguistic explication. Proverbs complete the received picture with the colloquial judgments about the importance of courage and the disapproval of fear.
EN
The author of the article analyses the last two programmes (from 2009 and 2010) entitled „A Conversation With Vladimir Putin. Continuation” paying attention to the way Putin constructs his public utterances. The analysis includes eight images of Putin: Putin-moralist, Putin-authority, Putin – risk-taker, fair Putin, Putin-„our man”, Putin-workaholic, all-knowing Putin, Putin-reformer. The analysis shows that these kinds of meetings between the Prime Minister and the nation follow a well-developed pattern. Apparently, the language is an instrument of power with which politicians create their own images and reality, and using appropriate methods of social engineering impose their model on people.
EN
The present paper analyses two currents of philosophy of language: ‘individualistic subjectivism’ and ‘abstract objectivism’, described in Marxism and the Philosophy of Language. The book by Voloshinov and Bakhtin is considered as the attempt to construct the Marx’s linguistics after the Revolution of 1917. The authors present the antinomy between the ‘individual subjectivism’ and ‘abstract objectivism’, or in other words, between the two opposite approaches to language as a specific object of scientific inquiry. The two currents are observed from the perspective of the general anti-Saussurean movement in Soviet linguistics and literary studies of the late 1920s.
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