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1

Wrocławski Nowy Targ. Jego dzieje i rewaloryzacja.

100%

Eysymontt R.

Quart. Kwartalnik Instytutu Historii Sztuki Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego

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2006

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issue 1(1)

55-73

2

The Representation of Selected Silesian Cities in the 15th–17th Centuries

100%

Eysymontt R.

Zapiski Historyczne

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2018

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vol. 83

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issue 4

49-75

EN

The representation of Silesian cities during the late Middle Ages and early modern times combines illustrative and textual elements. Both of these elements are subject to certain rules typical of the poetics of the so-called laudation. The representation (imagery) of each of the analyzed cities (the analysis in this case concerns mainly the capital of Lower Silesia – Wrocław) has a corona muralis, along with significant dominant profiles, which are naturally the church towers and the town hall. The towers of Nysa in the image of Hartmann Schedel are associated with the idea of Flemish belfries. Since the time of Hartmann Schedel’s Chronicle of 1493 the vedutas have also been provided with a commentary, fulfilling the functions of a classical laudation that praises the city’s good natural location, the beautiful shape and power of its founder. The image and text from Hartmann Schedel’s Chronicle may be compared with the famous description of the city of Wroclaw by Barthel Stein of 1512. The least-known, if one of the oldest, image of Wroclaw is the panorama with John of Capistrano in the background of 1503; it refers to the view from Weltchronik of 1493 only to some extent, though presenting a more symbolic, sacred character. On the other hand, the picture of Wrocław made in 1537 during the trip of the Palatine Ottheinrich from Neuburg on the Danube to Cracow is more impressive, although symbolic elements also appear here. The view of the city of 1562 should be described as a picture of the ideal town, made for specific political reasons. In turn, the first measurement plan of Wroclaw by Frederick Groβ of 1579 and the view of Wroclaw from the volume of Braun and Hogenberg of 1572–1618 should be considered the typical Renaissance plan of the consciously inventory-like character. The plan of Frederick Groβ expresses the idea of the modularity of the city consisting of sacral buildings and rectangular building blocks. It can be compared with Legnica’s plans from the beginning of the 18th century. The text of Braun and Hogenberg’s volume can be regarded as an early example of comparative urban planning. The veduta of Lwówek, created in the 17th century, should be considered to be close to the medieval paintings of a perfectly protected city.

DE

Die Darstellung von schlesischen Städten im späten Mittelalter und der beginnenden frühen Neuzeit verbindet in sich illustrative und textliche Elemente. Beide Elemente unterliegen bestimmten Regeln, wie sie für die Poetik der sog. „Laudation“ typisch ist. Die Vorstellungen (Darstellungen) jeder der analysierten Städte, wobei die Analyse in diesem Fall vor allem die niederschlesische Hauptstadt Breslau betrifft, besitzen eine corona muralis und ebenso bedeutende Dominanten der Silhouette, wobei es sich natürlich um die Türme von Kirchen und Rathaus handelt. Die Türme des bischöflichen Neisse auf der Ansicht von Hartmann Schedel erinnern an die Idee der flandrischen Belfriede. Seit den Zeiten der Chronik von Hartmann Schedel sind die Veduten einer Stadt auch mit einem Kommentar versehen, der die Funktion einer klassischen Laudation hat, in der die gute natürliche Lage der Stadt, die schöne Gestalt und die Macht ihres Gründers gepriesen werden. Das Bild und den Text aus der Chronik von Hartmann Schedel kann man der berühmten Beschreibung der Stadt Breslau von Barthel Stein von 1512 gegenüberstellen. Am wenigsten bekannt, obwohl es sich um eine der ältesten Ansichten von Breslau handelt, ist ein Panorama im Hintergrund eines Bildnisses von Johannes von Capestrano von 1503, das nur bis zu einem gewissen Grad auf die Ansicht aus der Weltchronik von 1493 Bezug nimmt, auch wenn es einen eher symbolischen, sakralen Charakter vorstellt. Mehr auf Eindruck gezielt ist dagegen ein Bild Breslaus von 1537, das während einer Reise des Pfalzgrafen Ottheinrich von Neuburg an der Donau nach Krakau entstand, obwohl auch hier symbolische Elemente erscheinen. Als Bild einer Idealstadt, das aus bestimmten politischen Gründen ausgeführt wurde, lässt sich eine Ansicht der Stadt von 1562 bezeichnen. Als typische Renaissance-Präsentation einer Stadt mit bewusst inventarisierendem Charakter kann man dagegen den ersten Vermessungsplan Breslaus von Friedrich Gross von 1579 und die Ansicht Breslaus aus dem Band von Braun und Hogenberg aus den Jahren 1572–1618 ansehen. Der Plan von Friedrich Gross bringt die Idee einer Modularität der Stadt zum Ausdruck, die aus sakralen Gebäuden und rechteckigen Baublöcken besteht. Man kann ihn mit den Plänen von Liegnitz von Anfang des 18. Jahrhunderts vergleichen. Den Text im Band von Braun und Hogenberg kann man als frühes Beispiel vergleichender Urbanistik ansehen. Eine im 17. Jahrhundert entstandene Vedute von Löwenberg ist als Vorstellung einer ideal verteidigten Stadt anzusehen, die eher noch dem Mittelalter nahesteht.

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PLAC NOWY TARG WE WROCŁAWIU – REAKTYWACJA?

63%

Eysymontt R., Krzywka Ł.

Ochrona Zabytków

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2006

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issue 2

41-56

EN

The protection of urban landscape consists of, on the one hand, the preservation of elements containing historical values and, on the other hand, of making it possible to introduce indispensable changes into the city landscape. A suitable and well-balanced development entails steady progress and improvement of the essential features of a town, which assumed shape in the course of centuries. In certain transformation periods, however, ostensibly positive changes of the character of historical city centres basically disturbed their harmonious growth and today compel us to seek a way of returning to the previous stage. These quests were served by a study containing conservation directives for the eastern part of the Old Town - the region of the New Market - commissioned by the Office for the Development of Wroclaw. The New Market area, one of the three most important squares in the mediaeval location plan, was established at the end of the thirteenth century (first records come from 1266). During the Middle Ages and in modern times the square fulfilled trade functions - it was the site of stalls belonging to herring merchants and traders dealing in wooden articles. The commercial functions of the square were also connected with the names of its rows of houses, such as the 'Pomeranian Side', as well as the fountain of Neptune, placed in its centre in 1724. The characteristic feature of the New Market was the great individuality of its buildings, emphasized by the names granted to them and associated with various emblems (two of which – the figures of St. John the Baptist and St. John the Evangelist - have survived in museum collections). A considerable transformation of the architecture in the New Market region took place in the seventeenth century and the early eighteenth century. The fire of 1628 became the reason why the square, known from later iconography, became full of predominantly Baroque gable town houses. At the end of the nineteenth century the rows of houses displayed typical tenement housing and department stores, albeit preserving the original division into lots. The most conspicuous pre-1945 change was the erection in 1914-1918 of a Neo-Baroque building - the offices of the Presidium of the Province of Silesia - in the place of several narrow town houses in the southern row. Wartime damage incurred in the spring of 1945 was sufficiently grave for not rebuilding the whole Square until 1961 when the western, northern and eastern rows of houses were designed as long, multistairwell buildings, with the eastern and western rows outfitted with trade facilities on the ground floors. The authors of the article regard this development as extensive and not adapted both to historical (the absence of divisions into lots and differentiated forms of the buildings) and contemporary conditions (insufficient intensity, the lack of a suitable tradeservices area, monotonous form). The surface of the square, whose one-third is a parking lot, also requires a thorough change.

4

Nowa publikacja na temat mecenatu książęcego na Śląsku Bogustaw Czechowicz -"Książęcy mecenat artystyczny na Śląsku u schyłku średniowiecza"

51%

Eysymontt R., Kaczmarek R., Witkowski J.

Quart. Kwartalnik Instytutu Historii Sztuki Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego

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2006

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issue 1(1)

88-94

5

Raz jeszcze o książce Bogusława Czechowicza i jego odpowiedzi na naszą recenzję.

51%

Eysymontt R., Kaczmarek R., Witkowski J.

Quart. Kwartalnik Instytutu Historii Sztuki Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego

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2007

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issue 1(3)

103

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3 Quart. Kwartalnik Instytutu Historii Sztuki Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego

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2 Kaczmarek R.

2 Witkowski J.

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Wrocławski Nowy Targ. Jego dzieje i rewaloryzacja.

The Representation of Selected Silesian Cities in the 15th–17th Centuries

PLAC NOWY TARG WE WROCŁAWIU – REAKTYWACJA?

Nowa publikacja na temat mecenatu książęcego na Śląsku Bogustaw Czechowicz -"Książęcy mecenat artystyczny na Śląsku u schyłku średniowiecza"

Raz jeszcze o książce Bogusława Czechowicza i jego odpowiedzi na naszą recenzję.