Results found: 2

Search results

Sort By:

Limit search:

Dekoracje architektury Starego Miasta w Olsztynie

100%

Czernik Z.

Ochrona Zabytków

2010

issue 1-4

61-72

In 1945, the liberating Red Army caused enormous devastations to the Old Town in Olsztyn. Damaged, burnt and destroyed buildings – that was the picture of the liberation of the city, but also an unusual challenge for those who started to settle Olsztyn already from February 1945. In further years, the city was gradually cleared of debris and a non-uniform reconstruction process was eventually started, referring both to historicist (neo-Baroque) forms and the broadly understood modernism. By the beginning of the 1960s the Old Town in Olsztyn was reconstructed to a large extent. Among people engaged in the reconstruction of the Old Town there were also artists from Olsztyn. Their task was to arrange colours of selected objects and to design and prepare decorative motifs. Most of the artists living in the city participated in the performance of the above works, including Andrzej Samulowski, Bolesław Wolski, Maria Szymańska, Eugeniusz Kochanowski, Henryk Oszczakiewicz, Roman Ilkiewicz, Ryszard Wachowski, Maria Wachowska and Hieronim Skurpski. Works of those artists can still be seen today on the Olsztyn Market Square, Staromiejska, Prosta and Staszica streets, and we can also encounter single items on streets going beyond the area of the old historic Olsztyn. The thematic scope of the Old Town works oscillates around the subject of human labour. It can be categorised into several groups: the first of them comprises activities connected with the Warmia region and shown in a folk fashion. The second group is related to motifs referring to the intended use of buildings, which illustrate their functions connected with work and daily activities. The third group comprises geometrical motifs that complement figural decorations or occur as independent decorations. Another group represents the free use of plant motifs. We can also distinguish single independent decorations that are not linked thematically to the above, but refer to the Warmia and Masuria region. This undoubtedly interesting collection of works from Olsztyn is worth special attention. Inspired presumably by the Warsaw Old Town, it has become an integral part of the reconstructed city. It is also a testimony to the involvement of artists in the aesthetic aspect of the reconstruction. The prevailing technique is sgraffito, which is the most suitable technique for works of this kind because of its durability; the latter is best reflected by the fact that after more than 50 years decorations are still lucid and retain their colour. Painting & sculpture works in Olsztyn that are of interest to us are not covered by conservation protection; the same goes for most of the buildings decorated by them. As objects not entered into the register of monuments, they are handled without restraint, deformed or even destroyed fragmentarily or entirely. However, it is impossible to ignore their artistic values or grounds for their protection.

Nowożytne obiekty sepulkralne w kościołach historycznej Warmii (ok. 1500–ok. 1800)

100%

Czernik Z.

Komunikaty Mazursko-Warmińskie

2022

vol. 320

issue 1

57-150

Already in the oldest Christian tradition, churches were places of burial. Most often, rulers of states, clergy, people of merit for the Church, outstanding personalities, local rulers, towns-people, and nobility found their final resting place there. It was no different in Warmia. Already from the 14th century, the dead were buried in the built churches – in Warmian circumstances, they were primarily clergymen. This situation practically lasted until the 19th century, when the forms of cemeteries known to this day developed, and churches simply ran out of places – both for the burials themselves and for places of commemoration of the dead. From approx. between 1500 and 1800, several hundred burials were made in the Warmian churches. Starting from the Warmia cathedral and ending with village churches. To date, approx. 200 sepulchral objects – mainly epitaphs and tombstones (apart from them, two tombstones by the wall and one altar dedicated to the deceased).

Już w najstarszej tradycji chrześcijańskiej kościoły były miejscem pochówków. Najczęściej miejsce wiecznego spoczynku znajdowali tam władcy państw, duchowni, osoby zasłużone dla Kościoła, wybitne osobistości, lokalni rządcy, mieszczanie, szlachta… Nie inaczej też było na Warmii. Już od XIV wieku w wybudowanych kościołach chowano zmarłych - w warmińskich okolicznościach w większości były to osoby duchowne. Sytuacja taka praktycznie trwała do XIX wieku, kiedy to wykształcają się do dziś znane formy cmentarzy, a w kościołach po prostu zaczyna brakować miejsc - zarówno na same pochówki, jak i na miejsca upamiętniania zmarłych. Od ok. 1500 roku do 1800 w kościołach warmińskich dokonano kilkuset pochówków. Zaczynając od katedry warmińskiej kończąc na wiejskich kościołach. Do dziś zachowało się ok. 200 obiektów sepulkralnych - przede wszystkim epitafiów i płyt nagrobnych (oprócz nich dwa nagrobki przyścienne i jeden ołtarz poświęcony zmarłemu).

Refine search results

1 Komunikaty Mazursko-Warmińskie

1 Ochrona Zabytków

2 Czernik Z.

1 2023

1 2010

Search results

Dekoracje architektury Starego Miasta w Olsztynie

Nowożytne obiekty sepulkralne w kościołach historycznej Warmii (ok. 1500–ok. 1800)