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Rola kobiet w hiszpańskich wyprawach zdobywczych w Ameryce Środkowej i Południowej w XVI w.

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Grzegorzewska K., Uniwersytet Łódzki W. F.-H.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica

2015

vol. 95

I would like to present in this article the question of the participation of women in the martial and exploratory expeditions to Central and South America organized by the Spanish in the sixteenth century. Usually, descriptions of the expeditions are limited to the male participants, which is why in this article I would like to direct attention to the participation and activity of women in such enterprises. Native women performed serving functions of cooks, laundresses, porters, or aided the Spanish as interpreters and provided them with information. Sometimes they took part in expeditions in order to accompany their husbands or paramours, as female Indians were often gifted to the conquerors as slaves. Spanish women often joined expeditions of which one of the aims was to settle newly conquered territories. They would set off together with their husbands or paramours, often enjoying privileges which aggravated the other participants. Women took a variety of tasks upon themselves, frequently advising leaders in problematic situations. The article presents various forms of activity of the members of the fair sex during the expeditions, and their status and influence on the success of the undertakings.

Niepokorne: Inés Suárez i Beatriz de la Cueva, czyli kobiety u władzy w czasie podboju Ameryki Środkowej i Południowej przez Hiszpanów w XVI w.

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Grzegorzewska K., Uniwersytet Łódzki W. F.-H.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica

2015

vol. 94

This article provides comparative biographies of two women: Inés Suárez and Beatriz de la Cueva. The first of whom was the mistress of Pedro de Valdivia and she took part in the conquest of Peru. The other one, was the wife of Pedro de Alvarado. She became the governor of Guatemala in place of her husband. Both women played a very important role in their Spanish communities, Inés Suárez ran the defense of Santiago de Chile, and Beatriz de la Cueva forced the city council to recognize her as the governor even after the death of her husband. Inés Suárez earned her place thanks to the power she had over Pedro de Valdivia, who was one of the most important people in the Spanish community in Chile. Beatriz de la Cueva, however, received a legit, high-power job in the public office. Both women acted contrary to generally accepted, submissive, social convention of the position of a woman and therefore both can be characterized as the unruly.

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2 Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica

2 Grzegorzewska K.

2 Uniwersytet Łódzki W. F.-H.

2 2015

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Rola kobiet w hiszpańskich wyprawach zdobywczych w Ameryce Środkowej i Południowej w XVI w.

Niepokorne: Inés Suárez i Beatriz de la Cueva, czyli kobiety u władzy w czasie podboju Ameryki Środkowej i Południowej przez Hiszpanów w XVI w.