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  1. 3 Światowit

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  1. 3 Januszek K.

  2. 1 Manasterski D.

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  1. 2 2012

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1

Krzemienne groty strzał jako przykład wyznacznika początków epoki brązu na stanowisku 1 w Suchaczu, gm. Tolkmicko, woj. warmińsko-mazurskie

100%
Januszek K.
Światowit
|
2012
|
vol. Tom IX (L), fasc. B
145-150
EN
Site 1 in Suchacz, known as a settlement of the Rzucewo Culture, was excavated in the 1930s (EHRLICH 1934; 1936) and in the first half of the 1980s (MAZUROWSKI 1987). The entire assemblage of finds from these excavations has never undergone a comprehensive analysis; it was only related in an arbitrary way to the Rzucewo Culture. Such an assessment corresponded to the stratigraphy ofthe site. It was hard to interpret in an unequivocal manner and it rendered establishing of the relative chronology of the site difficult. A similar stratigraphic situation was also noti¬ced in the course of pre-1945 excavations of the settlement in Rzucewo. As a consequence, it led to an identification of the syncretistic Rzucewo Culture (cf. ŻUREK 1954). However, a recent stratigraphic analysis of the epo-nymous settlement revealed the existence of non-contem¬porary settlement levels, related to several cultural units (cf. KRÓL, SCHILD 2009). The stratigraphic situation at Suchacz was not favourable for drawing similar conclusions. only the most numerous category of portable finds (pottery and flint artefacts) may offer a basis for establishing the relative chronology of this site. Among these finds there are 7 flint arrowheads (Fig. 1:1-7), which were found in the cultural layer during the excavations in the 1980s. These arrowheads indicate the Early Bronze Age period of occupancy of the settlement. The mentioned arrowheads are local products, made from locally available erratic flint. Their present morphology is an effect of reduction which originated in result of repairing damages before the artefacts were eventually worn out. Furthermore, morphological traits of these points combine elements which are characteristic for arrowheads found in inventories of Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age cultures, with a preponderance ofthe latter traits. The concept of the shape of a majority of analysed blades is a derivate of the “Bell Beaker” impact (the Iwno Culture). Therefore, they belong to an intercultural arrowheads type of similar morphology, found in different taxonomic units of the Early Bronze Age, resulting from direct or indirect effects of the Bell Beaker Culture.
2

Materiały krzemienne nawiązujące do wyrobów z późnego paleolitu z Suchacza, stan. 1, woj. warmińsko-mazurskie

100%
Januszek K.
Światowit
|
2012
|
vol. Tom VII (XLVIII), fasc. B
67-71
EN
A set of lithic artefacts (29 pieces) worked in local erratic flint, reminiscent stylistically of Late Palaeolithic forms (bipolar blade cores, blades, flakes and tools - end scrapers, burins, a perforator, an end scrape -perforator, assorted leaf points) had surfaced during an excavation made in the early 1980s of a settlement of Rzucewo Culture at Suchacz, a village on the coast of the Vistula Lagoon near Elbląg, NE Poland. Like the rest of the material the flints subsequently were attributed to the Rzucewo Culture of the Late Neolithic. It now appears that due to mechanical causes the flints had become mixed up with the lithics of Rzucewo Culture, most of which are associated with the working of Pomeranian flint using the splintering technique. Basing on the results obtained from analysis of technology, typology and the material resource, the set has now been given a new attribution to the later stages of Sviderian Culture of the Boreal Period.
3

Tradycje kulturowe grupy Linin we wczesnej fazie kultury trzcinieckiej na Mazowszu w świetle materiałów ze stanowisk w Raszynie i w Regułach koło Warszawy

63%
Manasterski D., Januszek K.
Światowit
|
2009-2010
|
vol. Tom VIII (XLIX), fasc. B
41-48
EN
Ever since Aleksander Gardawski described Trzciniec culture (TC) in 1959 it has been known that the group evolved in Central Europe on the background of Late Neolithic and Early Bronze communities (GARDAWSKI 1959: 167-168). He suggested, already then, influences of para-Neolithic groups in the formation of that entity (presently the Linin group (LG) in the case of Masovia). Since then, despite more recent discoveries, the description of Masovian-Podlachian TC group has not been reviewed, nor has its evolution process been reinterpreted. For this reason, the present article should be regarded as a contribution to a discussion of TC origin in Masovia and a role of the LG communities in relation to it. The materials used for the analysis come from sites in Raszyn (munic- ipality Raszyn) and Reguły (municipality Michałowice), both in the Mazowieckie Voivodeship, as at this stage of research they are one of the key resources referring to the subject. In the encampment in Raszyn (MANASTERSKI 2003) there were found remains of a shelter-like housingstructure (Fig. 1) typical of all the para-Neolithic groups of East European forest zone (JÓZWIAK 2003: 225; OSCIBKINA 1996:143, fig. 45:VII; OLSZEWSKI 1987: 7-9). 31 flint and three stone artifacts, together with remains of eight ceramic vessels characteristic of Early TC were discovered inside a stone circle which defined the ground floor of the shelter. Some of the objects displayed features typical of para-Neolithic artifacts. In the case of pottery they were represented by impressions of a variety of stamps (Fig. 2:1-3) while a small triangular arrowhead (Fig. 3:1) and blades represented flint tools. The impressions on the vessels and the arrowhead showed relation to Neman culture and the blades to technology known from the Late Mesolithic. The site in Reguły yielded a cultural layer with re¬mains of an encampment (MANASTERSKI 2005). The pot¬tery found in it was unequivocally related to an early stage of TC. Apart from that, there were post-consumption animal bone remains and 1287 flint objects. The pottery, just like on Raszyn site, showed para-Neolithic component (LG) in the form of stamp impressions, ribbed edges of utensils as well as decorated inside parts (Fig. 2:4-7). The flint artifacts were found together with the pottery, they did not form separate assemblages and displayed features typical of TC as well as older ones - para-Neolithic, showing Mesolithic techniques. That means there were both microlithic single platform blade cores made oferratic and chocolate flint (Fig. 3:2-5) related to Janislavicka culture and triangles and blades (Fig. 3:6-8). The above mentioned materials displaying archaic (para-Neolithic) features in TC are evidence for LG tradition among the inhabitants of encampments in Raszyn and Reguły, and this may possibly be true about other early TC sites in Masovia. The LG pottery has already been described well and consequently it is possible to find the features it has in common with early TC pottery, whereas the lack of systematic description of LG flint work makes it difficult to compare it with local developments of this aspect of economy in TC. That state of affairs is probably due to the manner of examination of flint resources. Flint artifacts are usually separated by means of typological method from LG pottery found in the same context and are usually identified as remains of different communities including Mesolithic groups.
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