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1

Short communications

100%
Janowski K., Tatala M.
Psychology of Language and Communication
|
2009
|
vol. 13
|
issue 2
59-69
EN
Broca's aphasia is still a relatively poorly understood phenomenon. The Trace Deletion Hypothesis is one of the attempts made to explain linguistically comprehension deficits observable in this disorder. The article presents the main assumptions, claims and consequences of this hypothesis, as well as criticisms it has raised in the literature. This hypothesis offers an opportunity for shedding more light on the issue of agrammatism in Broca's aphasia, and also for improving our understanding of the phenomenon of aphasia as such and, consequently, our understanding of language processing in the human mind.
2

Motivation for Physical Activity and Mental Health Indicators in Male Gym Attendees

100%
Awruk K., Janowski K.
Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research
|
2016
|
vol. 69
|
issue 1
65-73
EN
The significance of physical activity for mental well-being has been discussed in detail in the literature on the subject. However, a question arises concerning the relationship between motivation to exercise and psychological functioning. The objective of the present study was to test the relationship between the types of motivation for physical activity and selected indicators of mental health. The study involved 99 men aged between 18 and 60 years old (M=28.20, SD=9.35) who were regular attendees at several gyms in Warsaw. The study used the following methods: the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28), developed by Goldberg, the Gym Attendance Motivation Inventory, developed by Awruk and Janowski, and the Personal Data Sheet. A significant negative relationship between intrinsic motivation (to improve one’s physical performance) and symptoms of depression was observed. Significant positive associations were found between the period of training and scores on the Social dysfunction and Somatic symptoms subscales of GHQ-28. The remaining associations were found to be statistically insignificant. In addition, there were no significant differences in motivation to exercise between men with low and high levels of mental health symptoms. The motivational profiles identified in cluster analysis did not differentiate the subjects with respect to mental health indicators.
3
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Somnambulizm. Obraz kliniczny i terapia

81%
Janowski K., Jelińska A., Waś A.
Roczniki Psychologiczne
|
2010
|
vol. 13
|
issue 1
155-175
PL
Somnambulizm (sennowłóctwo) jest nieorganicznym zaburzeniem snu o typie parasomnii, występującym u około 15% dzieci i 3% dorosłych. Klinicznie objawia się wykonywaniem podczas fazy snu non-REM złożonych czynności ruchowych (np. chodzenie, jedzenie), bez pełnego wybudzenia się ze snu oraz przy niepamięci tego wydarzenia w dniu następnym. Wiedza zarówno psychologów, jak i lekarzy na temat somnambulizmu jest najczęściej fragmentaryczna, a w praktyce klinicznej znaczenie tego zaburzenia jest zazwyczaj lekceważone. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zatem przybliżenie psychologom i innym zainteresowanym specjalistom aktualnego stanu wiedzy na temat somnambulizmu. Artykuł prezentuje zagadnienia częstotliwości jego występowania, obrazu klinicznego, patofizjologii, kryteriów rozpoznawania, współzachorowalności, etiologii, patomechanizmów, sposobów diagnozowania i prób terapii. Przedstawiono również wynikające z dokonanego przeglądu literatury implikacje dla praktyki klinicznej i badawczej psychologów.
EN
Somnambulism (sleepwalking) is a non-organic sleep disorder of the parasomnia type with estimated prevalence of 15% in children and 3% in adults. Its clinical symptoms include performing complex motor activities (e.g. walking, eating) during the non-REM sleep stage, without full awakening and with amnesia of the event on the following morning. The knowledge about somnambulism is usually fragmentary both among psychologists and physicians, and the significance of this disorder tends to be neglected in clinical practice. The objective of this paper is, therefore, to provide psychologists and other professionals with an update on recent developments in the knowledge of somnambulism. The paper addresses the issues of prevalence of sleepwalking, its clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria, comorbidity, etiology, pathomechanisms, diagnostic methods and attempts of treatment. Finally, based on the presented review, clinical and research implications for psychologists are outlined.
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