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EN
The authoress discusses the presence of death in the social public sphere in the context of Polish national identity. She describes the area of popular collective imagination that is part of a broader category: religiousness arising from folk culture. In the Polish public sphere the traditions of death are represented by two trends: the myths of the Passion and Martyrdom. The internal ties of the Polish tribe are sustained by the cult of ancestors and the practice of mourning, the symbol of which is Our Lady of Dolours from the pictures in Czestochowa and Lichen. As a consequence of the dolorous aspect of Polish fundamental tribal emotions people spontaneously organize themselves during religious and national festivals which commemorate the events that entailed a heavy toll of human life. The arche of the Polish death is terror, mourning and redemption by a sacrifice of blood.
PL
Tekst jest pogłębioną recenzją książki Ewy Domańskiej Nekros. Wprowadzenie do ontologii martwego ciała (PWN, Warszawa 2017). Nekros Domańskiej to 'książka zbójecka'. Proponowanej przez nią nekrokosmologii towarzyszy nekronarracja: proponuje ona swoisty – nowy – słownik mówienia o antropologii i strukturze świata. Grunt do pisania i recepcji Nekrosa przygotowała posthumanistyka, studia o Zagładzie, pamięci i traumie oraz „zwrot etyczny” w teorii historii. Nowy materializm stał się reakcją na coraz bardziej jałowe badania nad dyskursem, czy też narracją, przy lekceważeniu pytań o rzeczywistość społeczną i przyrodniczą.
EN
An in-depth review of a “robber book” by Ewa Domańska: “Nekros. Wprowadzenie do ontologii martwego ciała” (PWN, Warszawa 2017). The necro-cosmology proposed by the author is accompanied by necro-narration suggesting a specific, new dictionary dedicated to anthropology and the structure of the world. The basis for writing “Nekros” and its reception was prepared by the post-humanities, studies about the Holocaust, memory, and trauma, and the “ethical turnabout” in the theory of history. New materialism has become a reaction to increasingly futile research on discourse or narration, while ignoring questions about social and natural reality.
EN
The article presents the problems of hospice movement in the context of the individualistic social organization, which becomes the predominant pattern of social life in the modern societies. The hospice vision focuses on the interest in the individual and his or her quality of life in the end-of-life phase, which fits the principles of individualism. The analysis of the process of institutionalization of hospice movement shows the conflict between the idealistic aim and the consequences of rationalized medical praxis. The situation of the individual as a matter of public interests is followed by temporal relationships of the hospice workers and the patient and his or her family, breaking the continuity of the natural social bonds, de-privatization the dying, fragmentation of one's life's course and isolation of terminally ill people. These contradictions seem to be the integral part of the individualistic social organization, and as such irresolvable.
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