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Fremdwortbezogene Wörterbücher des Deutschen

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Lipczuk R.
Academic Journal of Modern Philology
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2013
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vol. 2
53-65
EN
In 1884 the leading purist of that time, Hermann Dunger, complained about the “foreign evil words” in German language. As Dunger noted, this could be recognised throughout many loan word dictionaries: “I have brought together no less than 91 names of authors, and a compilation of German loan word dictionaries created until now, whose authors remain, to a large extent, anonymous (Dunger 1884: 6). The following article seeks to distinguish three types of dictionaries with loan words as entries. These include 1) glossaries of loan words, where entries (words of foreign origin) are described. This particular type of dictionaries contains grammatical and etymological information, as well as an explanation of meaning of an entry or, occasionally, phonetic information (i.e. Köhler, Liebknecht and Weber); 2) Germanising dictionaries, which are of purist character and do not contain descriptions of entries, while their aim is to propose interchangeable expressions (or words) which could substitute the borrowed expressions (i.e. Campe, Dunger, Sarrazin and Engel); 3) descriptive-Germanising dictionaries that not only contain descriptions of entries, but also propose word equivalents (i.e. Heyse, Petri and Saalfeld)—some of them were reissued several times. Between 1800 and 1945 a large number of German dictionaries containing loan words as entries was created. A large proportion of these dictionaries sought to eliminate loan words. The period after 1945 seems to reveal a dominant role of descriptive lexicographic works, as well as Germanising dictionaries. Moreover, Germanising dictionaries containing solely loan words of English origin were also created.
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Johann Christian August Heyse i jego następcy – o ważnym słowniku purystycznym

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Lipczuk R., Uniwersytet Szczeciński W. F.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Germanica
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2013
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vol. 09
EN
In Germany a number of dictionaries of foreign words as lexemes were created (often called Fremdwörterbücher). The author cites about 460 dictionaries of foreign borrowings from the period 1800–2007. Dictionaries of borrowings can be divided into three categories: (1) (explanatory) dictionaries of foreign words that do not have the objective of eliminating borrowed words (expressions), but describe them in a neutral manner (German name: Fremdwörterbücher or erklärende Fremdwörterbücher), (2) Germanising dictionaries whose main purpose is to eliminate the use of foreign words and replace them with native words (Verdeutschungswörterbücher). There are suggested word replacements for foreign lexemes, and the lexeme citation is devoid of grammatical and phonetic information (or information is restricted to a minimum), (3) Germanising and explanatory dictionaries: mixed form: here there is a description of the foreign code (e.g. grammatical description, pronunciation, etymology) (German name: erklärend-verdeutschende Wörterbücher or Fremdund Verdeutschungswörterbücher), but also proposals to replace some borrowings with German equivalents. In this latter category we include the dictionary which is the subject of this article; that of Johann Christian August Heyse (1st ed.: 1804, 21st ed.: 1922).
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