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1

REASONS ENCOURAGING ADOLESCENTS TO TAKE UP SMOKING

100%
Orosova O., Madarasova-Geckova A., Bacikova-Sleskova M., Van D. J. P.
Studia Psychologica
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2008
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vol. 50
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issue 1
67-78
EN
Aim: To understand adolescents' smoking behavior by analyzing retrospective self-ratings of the reasons encouraging them to take up smoking. Method: Participating in the study were 883 students (373 boys) of elementary and secondary schools in Kosice, Slovak Republic (74.9% of adolescents in the sample reported having experience with smoking). Smoking status and reasons for taking up smoking were measured using questionnaires. Results: Boys and girls ranked as the most important reasons for taking up smoking novelty, curiosity, peer influence and enjoyment seeking. Significant effect of grade was found in boys' ratings of peer influence, parental influence, relaxation in social situation, older siblings' influence and media advertising, but no significant effect of grade was found in girls' ratings with the exception of media advertising. Significant effect of smoking status was found in boys' ratings of every reason for taking up smoking, and for girls' ratings of every reason except curiosity, parental influence and rebelliousness. Effective prevention strategies encouraging non-smokers to fulfill such urges as curiosity, novelty- and enjoyment-seeking in ways other than by smoking, need to be developed and implemented.
2

Rizikové faktory užívania drog dispievajúcimi

100%
Orosova O., Gajdosova B., Madarasova-Geckova A., van D. J. P.
Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)
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2007
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vol. 51
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issue 1
32-47
EN
The study presents the state-of-art of knowledge of risk factors of drug use as a form of risk behaviour in adolescents in individual, interpersonal, and environmental domain (family, school, society). The attention is paid to general deviation syndrome and to the construct of general tendency to drug use. The authors emphasise the need of following the interactions and potentials of changing the risk factors, moderators, and mediators of drug use in adolescents. Recommendations for prevention of drug dependences are formulated.
3

PSYCHOMETRIC EVALUATION OF THE GENERAL HEALTH QUESTIONNAIRE-12 AND ROSENBERG SELF-ESTEEM SCALE IN HUNGARIAN AND SLOVAK EARLY ADOLESCENTS

76%
Sarkova M., Nagyova I., Madarasova G. A., Orosova O., Middel B., van D. J. P.
Studia Psychologica
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2006
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vol. 48
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issue 1
69-79
EN
The reliability and factor structure of the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale (RSE) were evaluated in samples of Hungarian and Slovak early adolescents. The principal component analyses support the two-factor solution for GHQ-12 with subscales 'depression/anxiety' and 'social dysfunction'. Similarly, the RSE appears to be an instrument with a two-factor structure with subscales 'negative self-esteem' and 'positive self-esteem' in both samples. Reliability analyses of GHQ-12 and RSE total scales show satisfactory results, although the reliability figures of some components is lower. The factor structure of RSE component 'negative self-esteem' is less clear. Researchers need to be aware of the potential problems surrounding the negative item wording and make every effort to ensure that negatively-worded items are carefully constructed and easily interpreted by the population of early adolescents.
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