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MULTIAGENTOVÉ MODELOVANIE AKO METODOLOGICKá INOVÁCIA

100%
Schenk J.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2007
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vol. 62
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issue 9
777-789
EN
The paper is a pioneer work in mapping the methodological problems, which have been introduced into sociology by ABM (agent-based modeling) as an important innovation. It sheds light on the sources and the background of ABM, comparing the latter with EBM (equation-based modeling). It shows also the main characteristics of multi-agent models and their wide-scaled applicability. The author focuses especially on the systematization of basic methodological problems. He underlines the relationship between simulation and classical experiment, as well as the idealized character of multi-agent models and their effective applying in the development and testing of the sociological theory.
2
Content available remote

SOCIETAL ANOMIE IN SLOVAKIA: EVOLUTION AND CROSS-NATIONAL COMPARISON

100%
Schenk J.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2018
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vol. 50
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issue 3
311 – 333
EN
This article presents basic findings of the societal anomie research studies (Model 1) carried out in Slovakia in 2001, 2008, and 2016. Primary attention is paid to the changes in the degree of societal anomie, as well as the challenges related to their interpretation. They are primarily caused by the fact that a critical, threshold value of societal anomie is not yet known. It also presents a model of perception of anomie (Model 2), which formed the basis of an international research carried out in 28 countries. The most significant similarities and differences between both theoretical models, which determine the potential and limitations in the comparison of their findings, are analysed. This comparison, albeit limited, is particularly useful because it provides a reference framework for assessing the degree of overall anomie in Slovakia.
3
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MODELOVÁ STRATÉGIA KONŠTRUOVANIA SOCIOLOGICKÝCH TEÓRIÍ

100%
Schenk J.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2017
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vol. 49
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issue 1
109 – 138
EN
In the article, three basic types of strategies for sociological theory construction as well as main features of model-based strategy are briefly introduced. The main attention is payed to the road passed by contemporary analytical sociology in the field of theory construction. Theoretical models (drawn from R. Boudon´s work) based upon social mechanism and providing explanation of social phenomena or processes, correspond to the first step on the road. In the next section, the transitional stage from theoretical models through classic formal models to agent-based models is mentioned. As a common example, the reproduction of social inequalities (Matthew effect and cumulative (dis)advantages) which constitutes the substantive background linking classic formal models to agent-based model was exploited. The final part is dealing with the construction of agent-based model of deference exchanges (Manzo & Baldassarri). Heuristic and methodological problems are emphasized.
4
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THREE PRINCIPLES OF THE THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF NONLINEAR DYNAMIC SYSTEMS: AUTOPOIESIS, BECOMING AND AUTOKINETICS (Tri principy teoretickeho zakotvenia nelinearnych dynamickych systemov: autopoiesis, stavanie a autokineza)

100%
Schenk J.
Sociológia (Sociology)
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2011
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vol. 43
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issue 5
463-494
EN
Currently, sociology focuses on the issue of social dynamics. Various theories and methodologies of social dynamics developing within the paradigm of complexity are usually based upon one of the three basic principles: autopoiesis, becoming and autokinetics (autodynamics). These can be considered the basic principles with respect to the origin, functioning, and development of nonlinear dynamic systems in different areas. All three principles are therefore further developed and applied both on the general level of science and on the level of individual scientific disciplines, in this case sociology. In addition, these principles are applied in the research of social dynamics. The study presents basic knowledge of scientific concepts, namely autopoiesis (Maturana - Varela), becoming (Prigogine) and autokinetics (Cernik). At the same time, the author pays attention to their sociological versions (autopoiesis - Luhmann; becoming - Sztompka; autokinetics - Hirner). The text is a comparative analysis of both the vertical (coherence of general and sociological versions, possible modifications and innovations) and horizontal dimension (comparison of strenghts and weaknessess of individual concepts). Despite partial modifications, the analysis has shown substantial coherence between the general and the sociological versions of autopoiesis, becoming and autokinetics. Since sociological versions of autopoiesis and becoming suffer from serious conceptual restrictions (in the first case mainly from holism, in the second case from a type of hypostazing of the so-called third level of reality), autokinetics seems to be the optimal concept for the research of the dynamics of social systems. Nevertheless, this concept also requires further elaboration.
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