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Teoria prawa Marsyliusza z Padwy

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Pawlak M.
Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
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2015
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issue 8(39)
5-23
EN
The article presents the theory of law found in the writings of Marsilius of Padua, one of the greatest political thinkers of the late Middle Ages. The problem of law in the thought of Marsilius is one of the most controversial issues in Marsilian literature. The author of the article analyzes Marsilius’ definition of law and his distinction between human law and divine law (i.e. revealed in Sacred Scripture). Also analyzed in detail is the issue of the relation between human law and justice, as well as human and divine law. The author states that Marsilius’ theory was undoubtedly original and innovative, however he distances himself from the purely positivist interpretation of this theory, popular among some (especially Polish) researchers. According to the author, Marsilius’ view on law, although highly original, bears more resemblance to the traditional natural law theories, rather than legal positivism in the classical sense.
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Państwo i Kościół w myśli św. Tomasza z Akwinu i Marsyliusza z Padwy

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Pawlak M.
Rocznik Tomistyczny
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2015
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vol. 4
163-189
EN
The article is devoted to the issue of the relationship between the secular power of the State and the spiritual power of the Church in the thought of two eminent scholars of the late medieval period – St. Thomas Aquinas and Marsilius of Padua. The author analyzes these generally opposite theories, paying special attention to the concept of grace and its relation to nature as the basis of the political thought of these thinkers, as well as the significant influence of Aristotle's ideas on both Aquinas and Marsilius.
3
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Marsyliusz z Padwy jako teolog

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Pawlak M.
Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne
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2016
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vol. 25
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issue 3
77-95
EN
The article presents the theological theories of Marsilius of Padua, one of the most original thinkers of the late Middle Ages. This aspect of Marsilius thought is often overlooked, as most researchers tend to concentrate on his political ideas. The author of the article first analyzes the foundations of Marsilius’ theology – his vision of salvation, the quasi-pelagian notion of grace, the concept divine law and the definition of the Church. Also analyzed in detail is the notion of priesthood and the concept of authority in the Church – his conciliar theory and rejection of the papal primacy. According to the author, Marsilius’ theology was radically anti-papal, anti-clerical. To a certain degree it anticipated theological ideas of the Reformation.
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