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MAĎARSKÁ MENŠINA POČAS PRAŽSKEJ JARI A V PRVÝCH ROKOCH NORMALIZÁCIE

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Popély Á.

Studia Politica Slovaca: časopis pre politické vedy, najnovšie politické dejiny a medzinárodné vzťahy

2010

vol. 3

issue 2

105 – 116

With the new arrangement of Czecho-Slovak relations in Czechoslovakia in 1968, the need to address the status of Hungarian minority in Slovakia emerged inevitably. The Cultural Association of Hungarian workers in Czechoslovakia (Csemadok), a revived insitution recognized even by the Communist Party, became an unofficial representative of the Hungarian minority. It demanded the constitutional entrenchment of minority rights under the principle of self-government, establishment of national institutions and proportional representation of minorities in elected and executive bodies. Since negotiations about the definition of the constitutional status of nationalities soon came to a deadlock, the Constitutional Law on the status of nationalities was only adopted after the intervention, in October 1968. While the severely restricted constitutional law caused disappointment among nationalities, their leading representative did not give up hope that they could create an ethnic policy based on truly new foundations. Yet, due to the advancing „Normalisation“ process, their hopes and proposals failed to materialise. The ambition to address the legal status of ethnic minorities on the principles of equality and self-government was a unique initiative that was unprecedented in the former Soviet-bloc East-Central Europe. Rejection of a significant part of the demands by the Hungarian minority immediately before the occupation raises a question of whether further existence and potential victory of the democratization process would truly have created a chance for the minorities to have their demands met in full.

VÝMENA OBYVATEĽSTVA MEDZI ČESKOSLOVENSKOM A MAĎARSKM A MENNÉ ZOZNAMY MAĎAROV URČENÝCH NA PRESÍDLENIE

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Popély Á.

Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied

2009

vol. 12

issue 1

In 1941 the London Czechoslovak emigration led by Edvard Benes came to conviction that it is necessary to resettle the German and Hungarian population from the post-war renewed Czechoslovakia and the country borders have to be changed to ethnic borders. The population exchange that began in 1947 - with longer or shorter interruptions - lasted to December 1948. 89 660 Hungarians were resettled from Czechoslovakia, and settled voluntarily or forcefully in Hungary. In the contrary to the exchange transports and regime transports, and on the basis of the decision No. 48 and 60 of the Czechoslovak-Hungarian Joint Committee that was in charge of the population exchange, a total of 71 787 Slovaks arrived from Hungary to Czechoslovakia. Therefore, the population exchange was not executed in the extension planned by Czechoslovakia - it did not succeed to settle the 'war criminals' as it was planned and also the settlement of almost fifteen percent of Hungarians living in Slovakia in the most concerned regions (mainly in the regions by the river of Hron and Vah, in Upper Zitny ostrov, Komarno and Nove Zamky, in a smaller extension in Gemer), but it still resulted to extensive change of the ethnical compositions in previous homogenous Hungarian territories.

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1 Studia Politica Slovaca: časopis pre politické vedy, najnovšie politické dejiny a medzinárodné vzťahy

1 Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied

1 2010

1 2009

2 Popély Á.

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MAĎARSKÁ MENŠINA POČAS PRAŽSKEJ JARI A V PRVÝCH ROKOCH NORMALIZÁCIE

VÝMENA OBYVATEĽSTVA MEDZI ČESKOSLOVENSKOM A MAĎARSKM A MENNÉ ZOZNAMY MAĎAROV URČENÝCH NA PRESÍDLENIE