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1

KONCEPT KULTÚRNEJ EVOLÚCIE A JEJ KOGNITÍVNE A SOCIÁLNE PREDPOKLADY

100%
Plichtová J.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2006
|
vol. 61
|
issue 9
726-742
EN
The explanation of the human nature exclusively from the perspective of the biological evolution (as for example in sociobiology) faces two paradoxes. The core of the first one can be summarized as follows: The characteristics of the specifically human behavior, such as symbolic thinking, intentional and planned activity, cooperative work distribution, creation of the cultural artifacts and the social institutions, needed an incommensurable shorter time to develop when compared with the changes effected by the selection of the random mutations. The second paradox says: Although the cultural accumulation of Homo sapiens sapiens grew exponentially during the last 10 000 years, the capacity of the human brain remained unchanged. What were the mental pre-adaptations, which made these rapid changes possible? The paper discusses the psychological researches, which aim at contributing to the explanation of these paradoxes.
2

SLOVAK VERSION OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL MOTIVATION TO RESPOND WITHOUT PREJUDICE SCALE

63%
Michalko D., Plichtová J.
Studia Psychologica
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2021
|
vol. 63
|
issue 3
252 – 265
EN
Internal and external motivation to respond without prejudice scale (IEMS) provides a self-report tool sensitive to individual tendencies to control implicit and explicit prejudice without directly inquiring about attitudes toward an outgroup. The current study verified the scale’s psychometric properties and construct validity on a Slovak sample. In line with the predictions, the principal component analysis suggested, and confirmatory factor analysis validated the presence of two uncorrelated factors of internal and external motivation. Additionally, while internal motivation was positively associated with adherence to egalitarianism and negatively with authoritarianism, external motivation did not demonstrate any of these relationships. Furthermore, only external motivation was found to be positively related to expressive self-control that parallels propositions claiming greater self-regulatory demands when egalitarian norms are followed to avoid social disapproval. Finally, both factors were positively correlated with concerns from appearing prejudiced, although internal motivation in a significantly greater degree, reflecting larger dependency on self-oriented concerns. With appropriate values of internal consistency for both factors, the IEMS scale provides a reliable self-report measure that might be used for systematic control of individual differences in the research of social cognition in intergroup context.
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