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1
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Information Policy of Poland in Terms of Identifying Information Hazards Determining the Loss of the State’s Image as Perceived by International Opinion

100%
Wiśnicki J.
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne
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2022
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vol. 75
177-194
PL
W artykule podjęta została próba zidentyfikowania zagrożeń informacyjnych Polski w kontekście zagrożeń determinujących utratę wizerunku państwa w opinii międzynarodowej. Jednocześnie wskazano na metamorfozę związaną z uwarunkowaniami charakterystycznymi dla operacji wpływu społecznego. Uwypuklono wpływ tendencji w budowaniu narodowego i międzynarodowego bezpieczeństwa, będących determinantami zagrożeń społecznych. W treści artykułu znaczące miejsce zajmuje analiza tworzenia się zagrożeń informacyjnych w Polsce w latach 2016–2021, ich rozpowszechnianie i rezonowanie. Zaprezentowane zostały wpływ i rola mediów masowych na kształtowanie świadomości, co pozwoliło odsłonić mechanizmy kreowania opinii publicznej.
EN
The article attempts to identify information hazards to Poland in the context of hazards determining the loss of the state’s image as perceived by international opinion, indicating the metamorphosis associated with conditions characteristic for the social influence operations. The impact of tendencies in building of the national and international security, being determinants for social hazards, was emphasised. An analysis of development of information hazards, their dissemination and resonance in Poland in the period between 2016 and 2021, forms a prominent part of the article. The influence and the role of mass media in shaping of awareness were presented, revealing mechanisms for creating the public opinion.
2
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Tworzenie świadomości zbiorowej w kontekście prowadzenia polityki historycznej przez Federację Rosyjską podczas konfliktu w Ukrainie w 2022 r.

100%
Wiśnicki J.
Świat Idei i Polityki
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2023
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vol. 22
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issue 1
123-143
EN
The article seeks to identify social impact activities in the conduct of historical policy by the Russian Federation during the aggression against Ukraine in 2022. An analysis of the creation and spread of information threats as a result of the ongoing conflict in Russia is driven by the increasing impact of communication processes on global security. The content of the study highlights the impact of trends in the creation of information threats, which are the determinants of social risks. The article is an analysis of the historical policy conducted by the Russian Federation which takes into account the production and dissemination of information both in the field of whispered propaganda and with the use of traditional and modern media. The influence and role of the mass media in the formation of public opinion were presented, and the mechanisms of the formation of public opinion were revealed. Methods of system analysis and critical analysis of public discourse were used in writing the article.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wybrane problemy aktywności wpływu społecznego w kontekście prowadzonej polityki historycznej przez Federację Rosyjską, podczas agresji na Ukrainę w 2022 r. Podjęta analiza kreowania i rozprzestrzeniania się zagrożeń informacyjnych w wyniku podejmowanych działań przez Rosję w trwającym konflikcie, podyktowana jest coraz większą intensywnością procesów komunikacyjnych na globalne bezpieczeństwo. Opracowanie koncentruje się na przestawieniu tendencji w tworzeniu zagrożeń informacyjnych będących determinantami zagrożeń społecznych. W artykule znaczące miejsce zajmuje analiza prowadzenia polityki historycznej przez Federację Rosyjską uwzględniająca wytwarzanie i kolportowanie informacji zarówno w zakresie propagandy szeptanej, jak również przy wykorzystaniu mediów tradycyjnych oraz nowoczesnych. Zaprezentowany został wpływ i rola mediów masowych na kształtowanie świadomości, odsłaniając mechanizmy kreowania opinii publicznej. Przy pisaniu artykułu posłużono się metodami analizy systemowej oraz krytycznej analizy dyskursu publicznego.
3
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Informacja jako narzędzie kreowania wpływu społecznego

100%
Wiśnicki J.
Media i Społeczeństwo
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2022
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issue 16
21-35
EN
The article attempts to present the military dimension of information operations, pointing to its metamorphosis associated with hybrid conflict-specific circumstances. The complexity of such circumstances was highlighted along with the fact that they were designed to be effective in influencing both international and individual impact sites. An analysis of the dissemination of information takes a significant place in the article along with the teachniques, tools and communication channels used in the social operations. The role of mass media and its influence on shaping awareness is revealed along with its ability to create public opinion.
PL
W artykule podjęta została próba przedstawienia militarnego wymiaru operacji informacyjnych, jego metamorfozy związanej z uwarunkowaniami charakterystycznymi dla konfliktów hybrydowych. Podkreślono kompleksowość ich prowadzenia umożliwiającą skuteczne oddziaływanie zarówno na podmioty międzynarodowe, jak i na pojedyncze obiekty oddziaływania. W treści artykułu znaczące miejsce zajmuje analiza rozpowszechniania informacji, stosowane techniki, narzędzia i kanały komunikacyjne znajdujące swe zastosowanie w operacjach informacyjnych mających na celu uzyskanie jak największego wpływu społecznego. Zaprezentowany został wpływ i rola mediów masowych na kształtowanie świadomości odsłaniając mechanizmy kreowania opinii publicznej.
4
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Competition between China and the USA in the noosphere

63%
Olechowski A., Wiśnicki J.
Reality of Politics
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2023
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issue 23
99-115
EN
This paper is devoted to the accompanying formation of the new order of the international Chinese-American struggle in the nosphere or otherwise the sphere of human reason. An analysis of the experiences of conflicts between the two-polar order that took place at the end of the 20th century and the present, in which the new world order emerges, leads to the conclusion that one of the most important goals of contemporary wars is to win the battle in the mind of man. This is perfectly understood by Chinese people who have centuries-old experience in fighting for the minds of opponents. In addition to the general outline of the old and present Chinese concepts of conducting the information and psychological war, the diagram of the Chinese information apparatus and methods of its operation are also presented. The focus was also on the image of China and its opponent’s head – the USA – created by this apparatus and addressed to the international audience In writing the Article, methods of system analysis and critical analysis of public discourse were used.
5
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Information warfare tools and techniques in the context of information operations conducted by the Russian Federation during the 2022 war in Ukraine

63%
Krawczyk P., Wiśnicki J.
Cybersecurity and Law
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2022
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vol. 8
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issue 2
278-286
EN
This article seeks to identify social influence tools and techniques in the context of information operations conducted by the Russian Federation during the 2022 war in Ukraine. An attempt to analyse the creation and spread of information threats as a result of the actions taken by Russia in the ongoing conflict is dictated by the increasing impact of communication processes on global security. This article presents the role and impact of mass media on public awareness, revealing the mechanisms of forming public opinion.
6
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Russia’s social-impact operations in the context of cognitive warfare in Ukraine in 2022

63%
Krawczyk P., Wiśnicki J.
Cybersecurity and Law
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2023
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vol. 9
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issue 1
194-203
EN
In this article, we attempt to identify Russia’s social-impact operations in the context of information operations conducted by the Russian Federation during 2022 in the war against Ukraine. The need to undertake the analysis of the creation and proliferation of information threats, as a result of Russia’s actions in the ongoing conflict, is dictated by the growing impact of communication processes on global security. This article discusses the impact and role of mass media on the shaping of people’s minds, by exposing the mechanisms behind the formation of public opinion.
7
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Cognitive War in Ukraine

63%
Olechowski A. P., Wiśnicki J.
Polish Political Science Yearbook
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2023
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issue 2(52)
99-111
EN
The article aims to identify social impact activities in the context of information operations conducted by Ukraine during the 2022 war. An analysis of the creation and spread of information threats as a result of Russia’s ongoing conflict is driven by the increasing impact of communication on global security. The content of the study highlights the impact of trends in the creation of information threats, which are the determinants of social risks. In the article, an analysis of creating information threats, including producing and reporting information in propaganda and the traditional and modern media, is of significant importance. The impact and role of mass media on awareness-raising is presented, revealing mechanisms for influencing public opinion.
8
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Mity i stereotypy narzędziem walki psychologiczno-informacyjnej Rosji w wojnie z Ukrainą

63%
Krawczyk P., Wiśnicki J.
Cybersecurity and Law
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2023
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vol. 10
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issue 2
345-362
EN
The article addresses selected problems related to the functioning of social impact activity in the context of Russia’s information operations conducted in 2022 during the war with Ukraine. Analysing the emergence and proliferation of information threats resulting from Russia’s operations in the ongoing conflict was prompted by the growing impact of communication processes on global security. The article highlights the impact of prevailing tendencies in creating information threats, which are determinants of social threats. The methods and techniques used by the Russian propaganda apparatus and the activities carried out during the ongoing full-fledged armed conflict also occupy a prominent space in this article.
9
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Privatization of War – The Russian Mode Using the Wagner Group as an Example

63%
Olechowski A., Wiśnicki J.
Polish Political Science Yearbook
|
2025
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issue 1(54)
199-217
EN
Private armies and the mercenary profession associated with them are nothing new in the history of wars. The mercenary troops of Italian conditioners and German Landsknecht operating at the turn of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance even contributed to creating a romantic myth of mercenary soldiers. Even the French Revolution did not end private armies and mercenaries, which resulted in the creation of large, conscripted national armies. In the 21st century, we observe a renaissance of private armies. Military strategists are already talking about the privatization of war. This can be confirmed by the growing participation of private military corporations in armed conflicts in the 21st century. An example is the Russian Wagner Group at the forefront. The Wagner Group, as a tool in the hands of Russian authorities, participates not only in the war in Ukraine. The multifaceted activities and certain peculiarities in the functioning of the Wagner Group mean that it differs from a typical Western private military company in some respects.
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