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Socjolog „kreślący znaki wieczne”. Jana Szczepańskiego autoportret rozproszony

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Szkaradnik K.
Zagadnienia Rodzajów Literackich
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2015
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vol. 58/115 z. 1
41-55
EN
The subject of this article are the strategies as well as paradoxes of creating by Jan Szczepański his self-portrait in various genres of texts. The authoress displays how the sociologist gives a signature to his articles and essays, generalizing his personal experience (peasant roots, the Protestant primacy of a duty), and also how complex relations appear between his publications and diary. In that scattered self-portrait a key issue turns out to be the repetitions and transformations of several leitmotifs, and moreover their involving in rhetoric, which, like autocreation, both disturbs and helps with recounting “who I am”. With reference to the conceptions of i.a. Lejeune, Beaujour and Ricoeur, the authoress analyses how Szczepański arranges the project of his life and how in his works he contends with frustration resulted from (apparent) not carrying that project out. The destination of this article is to show that despite evident dissonance between the word and life in the sociologist’s writings, the imperative of creation of “work” remains his biography’s axis and the creating of self-portrait does not mean imposing an artificial order on life.
PL
Przedmiotem artykułu są strategie oraz paradoksy tworzenia przez Jana Szczepańskiego swojego autoportretu w tekstach o różnej przynależności gatunkowej. Autorka pokazuje, jak nadaje on sygnaturę artykułom i esejom, uogólniając osobiste doświadczenie (chłopskie korzenie, protestancki prymat obowiązku), a także w jak złożone relacje wchodzą publikacje socjologa z jego dziennikiem. W tym autoportrecie rozproszonym kluczowe okazują się nawroty i transformacje kilku lejtmotywów oraz ich uwikłanie w retorykę, która wraz z autokreacją tyleż przeszkadza, co pomaga w o(d)powiedzeniu „kim jestem”. W nawiązaniu do koncepcji m.in. Lejeune’a, Beaujoura i Ricoeura autorka analizuje, jak Szczepański układa projekt własnego życia i jak w tekstach przepracowuje frustrację z powodu jego (pozornego) niewykonania. Punktem dojścia artykułu jest ukazanie, że mimo wyraźnego w pismach socjologa rozdźwięku między słowem a życiem i działaniem imperatyw stworzenia „dzieła” pozostaje dla niego osią biografii, a tworzenie autoportretu nie jest narzuceniem życiu sztucznego porządku.
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Where to settle after deconstruction? Hermeneutics in the face of difference - the case study of the conceptualizations of Upper Silesia and Cieszyn Silesia

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Szkaradnik K.
Anthropos?
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2014
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issue 22-23
24-36
EN
In this article are raised the controversies between hermeneutics and deconstruction, with regard to the reduction of "the other" to "the same" in the context of an identity of community and identity-related "settling". The authoress illustrates these matters by the example of some different kinds of narrative about Upper Silesia as well as Cieszyn Silesia, analyzing the ways in which locality and otherness are represented in those texts. Generally, whereas nowadays in discourse relating to the first region local intellectuals and publicists are emphasizing cultural difference and discontinuousness, in defiance of a Silesian's stereotype, in narratives about Cieszyn Silesia a mythologizing idealization of common identity predominates. The question remains, if the inhabitants of a region have to agree on reducing of the heterogeneousness, plurality and distinctness to create community. The article's authoress makes an attempt to use towards Cieszyn Silesia some deconstruction's categories in order to break up an idyllic metanarrative as well as to proof possible "same-ness", which does not reject the hybridity of Upper Silesia. To both aims she uses post-Derrida's radical hermeneutics, oscillating between concentrating and dispersion. Thanks to this current it is displayed that one can extract from tales on two Silesias the understanding of historicalness as well as experience of "settling" and of the place, which does not escape from complicated and painful matters, but at the same time creates a space for sense.
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The art of life - objection - commitment. The concept of human sovereignty in Gernot Böhme’s considerations

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Szkaradnik K.
Anthropos?
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2013
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issue 20-21
215-224
EN
May philosophers in so called late modernity, the epoch after the fall of grand narratives, not only diagnose societies' and the human individual's situation, but also formulate for people the aims for the future which would mean a good life? In this draft the authoress draws closer the conception of Gernot Böhme, a continuator of the classics of philosophical anthropology, a discipline looking for the general determinants of conditio humana in connection with sciences, but also to bodily and cultural dimension of life. His "anthropology in pragmatic perspective" makes a review of who the man not only can, but also should become. Having traced the ways of historical shaping of the different aspects of human existence (knowledge, the strange, love, the body), he concludes that only the ability of saying "no" can be human's "essence". In his opinion, one should oppose to reduction to definite model - which condemns the irrational, beyond control, natural - but also to the manipulations with the body, medicatization of death and separation from one's own experience. The philosopher watches the chance for mankind not in reversal of the scheme of "human nature" in favour of that, what was pushed out, but in mastering moving between different paradigms of being. In this light the authoress considers the status of consciousness, intellectuals' role and ambiguity of commitment in Böhme's conception. Is his proposal of the art of life an adequate answer to present situation of western civilization? Does historical anthropology give basis to create legitimate ethical postulates and has Böhme's vision any chances of realization?
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Back to Kubisz. On the Phenomenon of Some Memoir

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Szkaradnik K.
Anthropos?
|
2017
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issue 26 Podróż do źródła
66-81
EN
The article focuses on the reception of Memoir of an old teacher by Jan Kubisz (1848-1929), a cult book in Cieszyn Silesia, including remembrances from the period when the national polish movement in that region developed. The authoress considers in what sense Memoir can be treated as a source. It turns out to be not only a historical and ethnographical source, a narrative which contributes to the ideological discourse on the national "rebirth", a source of inspiration for local literature, but mainly a source of identity for the Polish minority, which stayed after 1920 in the piece of Cieszyn Silesia assigned to Czechoslovakia (Zaolzie). Moreover, Kubisz himself returns as a teacher to his sources, that is to the country, in order to share his knowledge with his countrymen. Yet, he also reaches for a source understood as a traditional local community to make it an example of coexistence, as well as for rhetorical biblical patterns which serve his reasoning. At the same time, the sources of Kubisz' thought are very particular, embedded in regional culture and language. Above all else, however, the authoress shows in what meaning Memoir can be an inspiring source now and not only in Zaolzie: the book restores faith in the sense of acting together for the benefit of community, acting which can alter social reality, but also improve ourselves.
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Community of a small town and responsibility of the educated - around the ideas and home region of Jan Szczepański

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Szkaradnik K.
Anthropos?
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2012
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issue 18-19
EN
What are intellectual's tasks and possibilities in a local community of a small town? In this draft the authoress considers the example of Jan Szczepański, a sociologist of world-wide fame, born in Ustroń in 1913. It presents his opinions as a researcher of education on intellectual's functions as well as his conception of individuality which can be explored by every human in him - or herself and which can limit the social evil. It also shows the life's path of Szczepański himself, his aims as a scholar and how he could fulfill them in realities of the Polish People's Republic. The draft portrays ambivalence towards educated persons in local community and the burden of choices which they have to make. It turns out that intellectual's responsibility to a community is not always possible to make real on place, but the most important is approach to one's work and remembrance about where does one come from. Szczepański in his life executed the determinants of peasant and Protestant reliable approach to work as a duty towards others (both the closest persons, the society and future generations) and towards the higher order, which maintains this world.
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Etos odzwierciedlany, etos wytwarzany. O przepracowywaniu doświadczenia i konstrukcji tożsamości w pismach autobiograficznych Jana Szczepańskiego, Józefa Pilcha i Jana Wantuły

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Szkaradnik K.
Białostockie Studia Literaturoznawcze
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2015
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vol. 7
EN
The article explores new literary regional traits in autobiographical texts of Jan Szczepański, Józef Pilch and Jan Wantuła. The authors share common social background, all having been raised as Evangelical boys in Śląsk Cieszyński. While none of them has a formal literary background in strict sense, their texts show an interesting dynamics of narrative meanings. The reader is referred to the writers’ homeland, their own values, moral imperatives, and idiosyncratic understanding of Evangelical-pheasant ethos. The essay shows how this ethos is formed in narration to build the context for the interpretation of uneasy past experience.
7
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Metanarracja postmodernizmu? O aporiach myśli wyzwolonej

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Szkaradnik K.
Internetowy Magazyn Filozoficzny Hybris
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2012
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vol. 17
EN
Because the assumptions of postmodernism are something obvious, the authoress decided to look at this obviousness in order to examine its second bottom, like deconstructionism does. Postmodernism speaks out against fundamentalism, universal truths as well as metaphysical notions. According to Lyotard, these notions were related with each other in totalizing metanarratives, that is tales including liberating teleology focused on the Freedom and the Truth. The end of these optimistic ideas was a result of the experience of Auschwitz and totalitarianism. Today, although postmodernism shows itself as an anti-dogmatic orientation, it became a predominant theory. So as “speculative metanarrative” it legalizes knowledge, imported to its own discourse. It propagates – as universal and irrefutable – the truth about relativism and the mediatization of reality, but on the other hand, in the face of the melting of “I” in fiction by the economy, it turns out that postmodernists long for “mythical” times of plenitude. The eschatological dimension seems to be the most important component of metanarratives and in postmodernism it manifests in the apotheosis of Different and the responsibility, liberating impetuses and the deepening of the spirituality. Such “independence metanarrative” does not concern the “nation” any more, but every of us, equally deserving worry and compassion. Postmodernism wants to become a leading thought of our times, which require of us, as Bauman writes, to alter our casualness in destination. It turns out, that the hidden background of postmodernism is the pursuit of wholeness, but not annihilating totality. The cracks and margins have to be a shield against the fate and make up the foundation of the eschatological hope of postmodernism.
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„Przyświecały mi pewne ideały…" Autokreacyjne strategie i pułapki we wspomnieniach i korespondencji Jana Wantuły

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Szkaradnik K.
Autobiografia. Literatura. Kultura. Media
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2016
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issue 2(7)
137–156
PL
W artykule rozpatrywane są sposoby kreowania obrazu autora we wspomnieniach i korespondencji Jana Wantuły (1877–1953) – chłopa i hutnika z Ustronia, samouka, znawcy historii Śląska Cieszyńskiego, starodruków i ewangelicyzmu, publicysty, pisarza ludowego i wytrawnego bibliofila. Analizie podlegają wzorce, do których nawiązuje on, tworząc własny wizerunek w listach i Pamiętnikach, centralne elementy tego wizerunku i jego znaczenie. Wskazane zostają tu typowe motywy z pamiętników chłopskich, ale również złożone strategie, jakimi posługuje się Wantuła. Zasadniczym problemem jest pytanie, czy portret bojownika o sprawy narodowe i społeczne oraz wybitnego samouka nie pada łupem konwencji. Autorka dowodzi wartości retoryki jako kulturowej przestrzeni porozumienia, a zarazem ukazuje, jak w omawianych tekstach następuje przełamywanie schematów za pomocą tego, co lokalne, konkretne, cielesne i czasowe.
EN
This article’s aim is to present the ways of creating the author’s image in memoirs and letters by Jan Wantuła (1877–1953) – a peasant and steel worker from Ustroń, self-taught person, expert on the Cieszyn Silesia’s history, old prints and Protestantism, writer, publicist and a famous bibliophile. In the sketch the author analyzes the patterns Wantuła employs while creating his self-portrait, as well as central elements of that portrait and its purport. Not only typical leitmotifs from peasant memoirs are indicated, but also complex endeavors, which the booklover uses. The principal question here is whether this social and national campaigner’s portrait has not been influenced by the means of expression it has been written in. The authoress recognizes the value of rhetoric as cultural space of agreement, but she also portrays how in Wantuła’s texts patterns are broken by that what is local, specific, physical and temporary.
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The border bridge of (no)memory and the café of five languages. About Cieszyn Silesia's silva rerum by Renata Putzlacher

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Szkaradnik K.
Anthropos?
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2016
|
issue 25 Na uboczu
86-101
EN
This article is dedicated to the phenomenon of Cieszyn Silesia borderland in light of In Café "Avion", which does not exist by Renata Putzlacher, a poetess and Polonist from Czech Tesin. She is a Pole born in Zaolzie - the part of the region, which was assigned to Czechoslovakia after World War I and II - and in her compound book she struggles with her "split" identity. A symbol of both that split and Polish-Czech animosities is a border bridge on the river Olza. The article shows how Putzlacher has carried out the project of a metaphorical bridge building, which connects, not divides. She discovers the fortunes of a now-defunct café lying near the bridge on Olza and of its owner, a Jewess Rozalia Wiesner, as well as of other Cieszyn Jews. Their history is joined with the past of Putzlacher's family, which arrived to Cieszyn from Styria via Eastern Borderlands. Following the ancestors' paths and her own tangled roots, the poetess finds her manifold heritage and thanks to Rozalia she finds more universal dimension of foreignness - the fact, that one's own place is not something to find, but to build. The article's authoress demonstrates how Putzlacher replaces the cult of a little homeland with reminding about Poles', Czechs', Germans' and Jews' difficult life together in Cieszyn borderland. The poetess' main aim is to work for the present community, also by the reconstruction in a literary cabaret the spirit of Café "Avion", where Polish, Czech, German, Yiddish and a local dialect was heard. However, the work on such a task cannot be completed, because the community remains an utopia - a place which does not exist (yet).
10
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Kronika - „Zajmować się nauką w sposób wolny”. Z dr. Arturem Szczepańskim rozmawia Katarzyna Szkaradnik

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Szkaradnik K.
Przegląd Socjologiczny
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2015
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vol. LXIV (64)
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issue 4
153-168
11
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Liminalność i poznanie w Smudze cienia Josepha Conrada. Między uniwersalnym a kontekstualnym rozumieniem inicjacji

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Szkaradnik K.
Białostockie Studia Literaturoznawcze
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2014
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vol. 5
EN
The axis of "The Shadow-Line" by Joseph Conrad is the issue of initiation in the seaman craft and, at the same time crossing the threshold of adulthood. The author of the article, referring to the concept of the rites of passage of van Gennep, Turner and Eliade, as well as the model of Campbell’s mythic “hero’s journey”, analyses the process and anthropological implications of this initiation and considers to what extent the rites de passage are universal, and to what extent they are contextual. The ship crew turns out to be a communitas, a community of the liminal phase of the rite of passage, and the protagonist must realize the model-archetype in concrete circumstances. Even though the plot resembles the structure of a magical tale, one may find there the cultural reality of seamen’s work and the Victorian era.
12
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W „mechanizmach swoich czasów”. O napięciach między perspektywą prywatną a ideologiczną w tekstach Jana Szczepańskiego, Jana Wantuły i Józefa Pilcha

100%
Szkaradnik K.
Przegląd Socjologiczny
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2015
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vol. LXIV (64)
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issue 4
83-101
PL
Temat artykułu stanowią dynamiczne relacje między perspektywą prywatną a ideologiczną, jakie pojawiają się w tekstach socjologa Jana Szczepańskiego oraz bibliofilów i historyków amatorów Jana Wantuły i Józefa Pilcha. Wymienione postacie łączy pochodzenie z ewangelickich rodzin chłopskich z Ustronia na Śląsku Cieszyńskim i więzi rodzinno-przyjacielskie, a zinternalizowane w dzieciństwie wzory kulturowe przejawiają się w ich tekstach i wpływają na treść obydwu perspektyw. Ideologia bowiem jest w artykule rozumiana nie tylko jako doktryna narzucona np. przez władze PRL, lecz jako zespół poglądów służących orientowaniu zbiorowego działania. Z takiego stanowiska autorka przygląda się zarówno dziennikom, wspomnieniom, listom, jak artykułom i esejom bohaterów szkicu, aby udowodnić brak odpowiedniości: zapiski osobiste – perspektywa prywatna, publikacje – ideologiczna. Rozważa najpierw kwestię prawdy diarystyki, cele pisania dzienników oraz zależność ich treści od zamierzonego wykorzystania np. w publikacjach. Szczepański, Pilch i Wantuła nie tylko zawarli w oficjalnych wydawnictwach wizje rzeczywistości niezupełnie zgodne z oficjalną ideologią, ale przede wszystkim w ramach owej ideologii krzewili ideologię przez siebie wybraną. Mobilizowali społeczeństwo do dbania o dobro wspólne przez rzetelną pracę, gospodarność, oszczędność itp., wiążąc te cechy z etosem protestanckim i cieszyńskim. Na koniec autorka wskazuje, jak teksty bohaterów artykułu oraz ich biografie symboliczne są obecnie używane do kształtowania wspólnoty lokalnej w ich rodzinnych stronach.
EN
The subject of this article is the dynamic relations between the private and ideological perspectives which appear in the works of sociologist Jan Szczepański, as well as book-lovers and historians Jan Wantuła and Józef Pilch. The figures were colligated by a background, namely evangelical peasant families in Ustroń in Cieszyn Silesia, and also family ties and friendship. The cultural patterns assimilated by them in childhood are manifested in their texts and influence the character of the perspectives mentioned. In this article an ideology is understood not only as a doctrine imposed, for example, by the Polish People’s Republic’s authorities, but as a combination of beliefs serving to orient collective activities. From this viewpoint the article explores the diaries, memoirs, letters, articles and essays of this study’s heroes to show the lack of an connective thread in the paradigm: personal notes – private perspective; publications – ideological perspective. Firstly, the article examines the question of diaries’ truth, the aims of journal writing, as well as the dependence of its content on planned uses, including in publications. Szczepański, Pilch and Wantuła not only offered visions of reality contained in official publications which were not completely in line with the official ideology, but above all as part of this ideology they promoted an ideology chosen by them. That is, they mobilized the society to care for the common good by means of solid work and thriftiness, what they associated with their Protestant and Cieszyn Silesia ethos. Then the article demonstrates how the texts of this article’s heroes and their symbolic biographies are being used to shape the local community in their homeland at the present time.
13

Between the Attraction and Distraction, or a Gloss to the Discussion about the University's Elitism

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Szkaradnik K.
Anthropos?
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2019
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issue 28 Elitarne
89-101
EN
This article covers the subject of the elite university and if it can be attractive in future educational systems. The text's leitmotiv is the idea of attractiveness and its various meanings as nowadays it is conjugated with market categories of efficiency and glamorousness. Therefore, the question arises, should universities react for economy's and business' demands as well as for students' expectations of practical character of the education. In the article the devaluation of the notion "elite" is considered as well as bad practices among some academic professors who concentrate on keeping their positions. However, the authoress defends the traditional Humboldt's model of the university, i.e. firstly, the community of continuous critical reflection over categories which organize social and political life, secondly, persistent quest for the cognition even if it would have to appear "the tragic wisdom". Underlining the meaning of elite university oriented on the impartial search for the truth, the authoress introduces the category of "being interested", inter esse: i.e. being in between, on the borderland, openness to different interpretations, but also readiness to taking the responsibility for one's own ones.
14

Mierzyć na dzieło wielkich, widzieć pojedynczy kłos. O literackich mistrzach trzech ustrońskich „ludzi książki”

100%
Szkaradnik K.
Pamiętnik Literacki
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2016
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vol. 107
|
issue 4
95-114
PL
Socjologa Jana Szczepańskiego oraz bibliofilów i historyków amatorów Jana Wantułę i Józefa Pilcha łączyły nie tylko miejsce urodzenia (Ustroń, Śląsk Cieszyński), chłopskie pochodzenie, wyznanie ewangelickie i więzi rodzinno-przyjacielskie. Byli też wszyscy „ludźmi książki”, którzy projektowali swoją tożsamość w relacji do obficie czytanej literatury. Artykuł omawia stematyzowane w pisarstwie tych postaci nawiązania do ich ulubionych pisarzy i humanistów. Dla Szczepańskiego są to Słowacki, Sienkiewicz i Conrad; dla Pilcha – Mickiewicz, Pigoń i Sienkiewicz, dla Wantuły – Sienkiewicz, Prus i Ochorowicz. Autorka szkicu rozważa, na czym zasadzają się te fascynacje i co mówią o samorozumieniu bohaterów artykułu. Punkt dojścia stanowi wskazanie wspólnej dla nich postawy życiowej, którą wiązali oni z etosem chłopsko-protestanckim, a zarazem konfrontowali z ideami podziwianych literatów.
EN
Jan Szczepański, a sociologist, as well as bibliophiles and amateur historians Jan Wantuła and Józef Pilch are joined not only by their birthplace (Ustroń, Cieszyn Silesia), peasant origin and Evangelical denomination. They also were men of letters who projected their identity in relation to voraciously red literature. The article presents the references to their favourite writers and scholars systematised in their own writings. For Szczepański, these are Słowacki, Sienkiewicz, and Conrad; for Pilch – Mickiewicz, Pigoń, Sienkiewicz, while for Wantuła, Sienkiewicz, Prus, and Ochorowicz. The author of the sketch considers the reasons for such fascinations and what they speak about the article’s protagonists’ self-understanding. End point in this respect is indicating their common outlook on life which they linked with peasant-Protestant ethos and at the same time confronted with the admired writer’s ideas.
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