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1

RHIN – DANUBE. LES APPLIQUES DE SELLE A DECOR CLOISONNE DE L’EPOQUE MEROVINGIENNE ANCIENNE ET LEURS PARALLELES ORIENTAUX

100%
Kazanski M.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
|
2021
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vol. 69
|
issue 2
347 – 357
EN
Three discoveries of metal saddle appliques have been unearthed in Western and Central Europe: Krefeld-Gellep, Ravenna and Sárvíz. Our aim is to list the parallels of saddle appliques with a similar shape, to determine the origin, datation and function of these items. These appliques have many parallels to the East, in Eastern Europe and more scarcely in Kazakhstan, in the post-Hunnic period (from the middle of the 5th to the middle of the 6th century). The reconstruction of saddles with metallic appliques is well established based on the discoveries made in the horse tombs in the necropolis of Dyurso, in the North-East of the Black Sea, belonging to the Goths-Tetraxites of the second half of the 5th and the 6th centuries. We can assume that a common prototype existed for these saddles, as shown by findings in the North Caucasus. We can therefore assume the ‘oriental’ origin of the saddles with metallic appliques. Western appliques (Krefeld-Gellep, Ravenna and Sárvíz) differ from those in Eastern Europe and Kazakhstan, suggesting the existence of various manufacturing centers. Indeed, the cloisonné decor of appliques in the West suggests they were manufactured in Mediterranean or Byzantine workshops. Lastly, in the funerary context, the presence of saddles with metallic appliques is most often the sign of the privileged nature of the burial. It is a common ‘princely fashion’ of barbarians from different parts of Europe and even Asia.
2

LES ARMES D’APPARAT ET LES PIÈCES D’EQUIPEMENT EQUESTRE DU PRESTIGE DANS LA RÉGION DU DNIEPR MOYEN ET SUPÉRIEUR A L’ÉPOQUE POST-HUNNIQUE

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Kazanski M.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
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2020
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vol. 68
|
issue 1
83 – 94
EN
Archaeological findings of prestigious nature of the post-Hunnic era (second half of the 5th–middle of the 6th c.) and items that testify to the spread of the ‘military’ material culture in the Upper and Middle Dnieper basin, on the territory of the Slavic cultures of Kolochin and Penkovka are considered. These findings enable to determine the geography of possible centres of power. One of them was on the left bank of the Dnieper, somewhere between the Upper Psel and the Desna, and the second on the right bank of the Dnieper, in the Ros-Tiasmina area. Findings of prestigious weapons (helmets of the Baldenheim type, an early Byzantine sword and a ‘prestigious’ horse bridle) and characteristic elements of a belt set indicate the formation of a military elite. Data from written byzantine sources of 530–570 confirm the existence of military leaders and professional soldiers in the Slavic society.
3

ON THE ORIGIN OF THE SHIELD BOSSES OF THE TYPE DOBRODZIEN

100%
Kazanski M.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
|
2021
|
vol. 69
|
issue suppl 2
349 – 357
EN
The shield bosses of the type Dobrodzień possess typical longitudinal flutes or facets on the calotte. These artefacts are well known in the Barbaricum, particularly in the Middle Danube area and to the north of the Carpathians, with a few isolated finds documented to the east of the Carpathians, on the eastern Black Sea coast, and on the Roman Empire’s Danubian frontier. The images of the shield bosses of the type Dobrodzień rarely occur on the Roman pictures (the Monza diptych) and on the metalware discovered in the Barbaricum (horse tack plates from Untersiebenbrunn). The period of existence of the shield bosses of the type Dobrodzień as a whole corresponds to 370s – 430s. The article suggests the Roman origin of this weaponry: most likely, it was manufactured in a workshop in the Middle Danube area. Moreover, it is still possible that there were some Germanic prototypes for faceted shield bosses were known in the Germanic context already in the late 1st and 2nd c.
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