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Does the Concept of ‘Popular Religion’ in the Middle Ages Still Make Sense? Regarding Alicja Szulc’s Homo Religiosus

100%
Manikowska H.
Kwartalnik Historyczny
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2014
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vol. 121
PL
This paper discusses the use of the concept and model of ‘popular religion’ in the Polish studies on religious life in the late Middle Ages. Reviewing the book on pastoral work of the first generations of Observant Franciscans in Poland on the one hand (Alicja Szulc, Homo religiosus późnego średniowiecza. Bernardyński model religijności masowej / Homo religiosus of the late middle ages. The Bernardine’s model of popular religion, Poznań 2007, pp. 256), and summarizing debates related to this concept on the other, it stresses the need to work out a new research approach to analysing late medieval religious phenomena and practices. Polish studies in the regard should focus more on the concept of ‘the religion of laymen’, and emphasize a distinction between the Church that teaches and that which is taught.
2
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Topos czy rzeczywistość? O czarnej śmierci w Dekameronie raz jeszcze

100%
Manikowska H.
Studia Źródłoznawcze. Commentationes
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2015
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vol. 53
PL
Literary topos or reality? About The Black Death in The Decameron once againThe Introduction of The Decameron contains the most universally known for centuries description of Black Death – the devastation it caused in Florence in the spring and summer of 1348. In pertinent research conducted by historians it became a point of departure and reference, and, at the same time, the object of thorough studies on its concurrence with „reality”. The author abandons this research tradition and confronts two types of sources: literary, chronicle and diary narration, on the one hand, and documents produced by Florentine offices (including court documents up to now studied to a slight extent), on the other hand, in order to capture within them the perception of the plague from the moment of its advance to the first months after its remission.A comparative analysis of these sources deals with a number of problems, enabling the extraction of the differences of their topoi and rhetoric as well as the purposes for which they were created.The author’s reflections concern: The Introduction as an historian’s source, the dynamics of the plague, and the activity of the authorities to be captured in official documentation, „normalcy” at the time of the plague, and the perception of Back Death (Boccaccio’s’ catalogue of attitudes towards the plague, the topos of the helplessness of medicine and physicians and its functioning after Black Death, the topos of the death of the abandoned victims and shameful burial, the topos of annihilation and the documents and undertakings of the authorities). Official documentation dating from the whole period of the plague, produced on a daily basis and encased in the rigid legal formulary and the routine of the authorities, cannot be used for examining the reliability of literary narration or chronicles, which operated with a cumulated image of Back Death at the time of its apogee and the destruction that emerged after its remission. Both types of sources are complementary and offer the researcher a holistic diptych of the perception of the plague, allowing him to better understand the role of old literary topoi, which Boccaccio endowed with new force and significance.
3
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‘Pragmatic Literacy’ – Some Remarks on the Work: Medieval Urban Literacy

100%
Manikowska H.
Kwartalnik Historyczny
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2017
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vol. 124
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issue 1
PL
Besides discussing articles contained in two volumes of Medieval Urban Literacy the author also discusses the purposefulness and usefulness of the concept of ‘pragmatic literacy’ strongly emphasized in Marco Mostert and Anna Adamska’s studies and presented in many articles of this publication.
4
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Od domus civium do pałacu komunalnego. Średniowieczne początki siedziby władz miejskich

100%
Manikowska H.
Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych
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2014
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vol. 74
EN
From domus civium to a communal palace. The medieval beginnings of the seat of municipal authorities(Summary) The article discusses the development of the permanent seat of municipal authorities in western Medieval towns – the most impressive secular public building, the symbol and ‘logo’ of a medieval town (known as a commune). The main subject of analysis is the terminology used to describe various communities of citizens, places for their gatherings and the seat of the municipal authorities, used in source materials, from the oldest mention of communes until the 13th century. The birth of the communes, and development of the language to describe them, are presented against the backdrop of the great social and political processes taking place at the turn of the first and second millennium, in “post-Carolingian Europe”, although initially they were only perceptible in Latin. The common basis for educating Medieval clerks (notaries and town writers) – also in terms of language and law – resulted in a barely differentiable and quickly stabilized Latin terminology for describing the seat of the commune (domus civium, domus civitatis, praetorium). The differentiation is more noticeable in the vernacular languages, especially with reference to words describing the place where citizens held gatherings and the place of work of the first municipal authorities, which enables a fuller perception of the relationship between the place where power was exercised and the political evolution of the commune – the degree of its independence, the system of authority, aspirations to political sovereignty and, lastly, the ideology and communal identity. This terminology reflects the processes and circumstances in which the communes were born and developed, the role, on the one hand, of the bishop, his seat and the cathedral, and on the other, the stormy development of the economy, in particular trade and the establishment of guilds (merchants’ chambers). What is particularly noticeable is the term used by the Italian communes transforming into city-states in the 12th/13th century – palatium (palazzo) – which in Roman law was reserved for the seat of the Emperor, and in the early Medieval period was also used by royalty, and then, in the period in which Italian bishops were losing their powers in Italian towns, appropriated by them to describe the residences which were being extended. The general term for the place where municipal powers were being exercised, consolidated in the 13th/14th century in vernacular languages, has remained little changed down to this day in most regions of the researched area. The article concludes with deliberations on the function of the late Medieval seat of the municipal authorities, provided with a strong tower and which housed the constantly increasing archives, as a place of credibility (locus credibilis), memories and space for social communication.
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Wstęp

50%
Manikowska H.
Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych
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2014
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vol. 74
6
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Social Differentiation of Cultural Phenomena

50%
Manikowska H.
Acta Poloniae Historica
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2019
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vol. 119
7
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Jacek Wiesiołowski (23 I 1940 – 16 VII 2016)

44%
Manikowska H.
Kwartalnik Historyczny
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2017
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vol. 124
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issue 4
8
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Speech delivered by Paul Eluard (1948)

44%
Manikowska H.
Acta Poloniae Historica
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2021
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vol. 123
321-327
9
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Reviews

32%
Manikowska H.
Acta Poloniae Historica
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2019
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vol. 119
10
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Contributors

32%
Manikowska H.
Acta Poloniae Historica
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2019
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vol. 119
11
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Short Notes

32%
Manikowska H.
Acta Poloniae Historica
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2019
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vol. 119
12
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Contributors

32%
Manikowska H.
Acta Poloniae Historica
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2021
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vol. 122
387-388
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Short notes

32%
Manikowska H.
Acta Poloniae Historica
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2021
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vol. 122
343-386
14
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Reviews

32%
Manikowska H.
Acta Poloniae Historica
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2021
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vol. 122
277-341
15
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Short notes

32%
Manikowska H.
Acta Poloniae Historica
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2017
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vol. 115
16
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Reviews

32%
Manikowska H.
Acta Poloniae Historica
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2017
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vol. 115
17
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Contributors

32%
Manikowska H.
Acta Poloniae Historica
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2017
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vol. 115
18
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Reviews

32%
Manikowska H.
Acta Poloniae Historica
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2018
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vol. 117
19
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Contributors

32%
Manikowska H.
Acta Poloniae Historica
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2018
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vol. 117
20
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Short notes

32%
Manikowska H.
Acta Poloniae Historica
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2018
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vol. 117
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