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Zanurzenie w etyce i kulturze. Antropologiczne projekty zaangażowane społecznie

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Chwieduk A.
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
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2015
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vol. 41
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issue 2 (156)
165–179
EN
In the practice of sociocultural anthropology, ethics is an important subject for Polish scholars, who more and more readily discuss the need for developing ethical standards regulating their research practice. Special attention in this respect should be paid to socially and practically engaged anthropological projects which, as the text proves, are above all “ethical”, that is focused, as a task in itself, on the goals and effects of researchers’ actions in specifi c environments. The objective of the text is to reflect on selected aspects of this type of anthropological activity. Its main source of inspiration were the experiences of scholars conducting research, undertaking specific actions on behalf of immigrants and refugees, and entering into negotiations with offi cials – persons from the broadly defi ned sphere of education. All the anthropologists involved in these activities are connected to the Poznań Centre for Migration Studies (Centrum Badań Migracyjnych, CeBaM) and the Department of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology at Adam Mickiewicz University, as is the author of the text, and participated in the project: Social and Cultural Identification of Foreigners.
2
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„SPECYFICZNY POLAK W NORMALNEJ FRANCJI”. O POLSKIEJ IMIGRACJI W TEKSTACH FRANCUSKICH BADACZY

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Chwieduk A.
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
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2016
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vol. 42
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issue 2 (160)
23-50
PL
W obliczu coraz bardziej komplikującej się sytuacji imigracyjnej we Francji, zwłaszcza w odniesieniu do ludności wyznania islamskiego, warto postawić pytanie o Polaków przybywających w zauważalny sposób do tego kraju przynajmniej od XIX wieku. W powszechnym odczuciu stanowią tam mało wyróżniającą się grupę imigrantów, co więcej – od wielu lat wpisującą się w model francuskiej integracji. Jednakże tego typu wyobrażenie nie koresponduje z obrazem imigracji polskiej, który wyłania się z publikacji naukowych, stanowiących przedmiot dyskusji w artykule. Jak się okazuje, Polacy jawią się w nich jako grupa nadal „obca”. Dlaczego? W odpowiedzi zostaną rozwinięte trzy myśli. Po pierwsze teksty francuskich badaczy poświęcone polskiej migracji ujawniają żywotność francuskiej dominacji politycznej, która w postkolonialnym kontekście polega na stanowieniu standardów światopoglądowych wolnych „od hermetycznych ideologii i wszelkich fundamentalizmów”. Po drugie, Polacy od wieków wpisują się w stereotyp „ubogiego, ale obcego kulturowo sojusznika” politycznego Francji. Po trzecie, przybysze z Polski zawsze byli klasyfikowani jako wyrazisty przypadek biednej imigracji zarobkowej. Artykuł podejmuje zatem refleksję nad zjawiskiem imigracji w kontekście relacji dominacji polityczno-kulturowej Francji w Europie i na świecie, ale także w odniesieniu do materii tekstu pisanego naukowego, jako kulturowego i zarazem politycznego narzędzia konstruowania Innego/Obcego.
EN
In the face of the increasingly complex immigration situation in France, particularly with regard to the Muslim population, a question well worth asking is one about Poles, who have been arriving in noticeable numbers to settle down in France at least since the nineteenth century. In the general perception Polish immigrants are not a very conspicuous group; what is more, they have been fitting well into the model of French integration for many years. Still, this image fails to correspond with the picture of Polish immigration which emerges from scientific publications discussed in this article. As it turns out, Poles appear in those publications as a group that is still considered ‘alien.’ Why? The answer to this question will be given through the investigation of three lines of thought. Firstly, texts of French researchers devoted to the subject of Polish migration reveal the perseverance of French political domination, manifesting itself – in the post-colonial context – in formulating world outlook standards free from ‘hermetic ideologies and any form of fundamentalism.’ Secondly, for centuries the Polish people have been stereotypically perceived as France’s ‘poor, yet culturally alien’ political ally. Finally, immigrants from Poland have always been classified as evident representatives of impoverished labour migrants. Thus, the article offers a reflection on the phenomenon of immigration in the context of France’s political and cultural domination in Europe and the world, but also in relation to written scientific texts as cultural and political tools for constructing the figure of the Other/Alien.
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"Living on with nostalgia it the background". The Romanian reality in a twenty years after the communism’s collapse: a case of Săpânța village

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Chwieduk A.
Anthropos?
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2013
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issue 20-21
188-198
EN
This paper will discuss shortly a case of local community from Săpânța, well known from its Merry Cemetery, a wooden monument of popular sculpture. This small village, in Maramuresz region from Romania, is representative like an example of endurance of many others peripherals communities in a Middle-East Europe, which had lived a time called a period of transition from socialism to capitalism and still exist in a space of "unifying Europe". The main goal is to demonstrate in an anthropological perspective, how this small community reacts in this circumstances using its owns and old patterns to perform new reality as good as well to still be a community. This situation is analyzed by notion of nostalgia. It defines in a new way, not only a verbal discourse of certain groups who benefits today from old patterns of living in a period before a Revolution in 1989 in Romania, but in generally all strategies to maintain community, who seems to be disparate because of mass although not permanent immigration Finally this paper suggests how premature could be the idea of disappearance in a time of global mobility of small communities in which relations are built on a territorial factor. An interpretation results from longtime observation in this village done by the author of this paper.
4
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GLOBALISATION VERSUS GROUP IDENTITY. BETWEEN THE TEXT AND RESEARCH PRACTICE (Globalizacja a tozsamosc zbiorowa. Pomiedzy tekstem a praktyka badawcza)

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Chwieduk A.
Lud
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2010
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vol. 94
73-86
EN
The article discusses the contradictions between the general scientific reflection on globalisation present in social sciences and the attempts of the anthropologist who tries to interpret the phenomenon of globalisation and its social and cultural consequences in a specific local space. Two opposing scientific discourses appear against this background - one is theoretical, rather poorly rooted in empirical research and focused on the attempt to capture universal features of globalisation, detached from a specific place and time, and the other, more anthropological, primarily focused on the phenomenon of glocalisation, which is engaged in field research. Our understanding of the globalisation/glocalisation processes depends on how these phenomena are conceptualised and on the adequate research method chosen.The author discusses the character of relations linking globalisation to the identity building processes and makes references to the concepts of such researchers as Roland Robertson, Ajrun Appadurai, Ulf Hannerz, Manuel Castells, James Clifford, and Zygmunt Bauman. She shows examples of the empirical research of globalisation processes, presented in Polish anthropological texts. The author emphasises the need to conduct profound studies aimed at capturing the sense that local communities associate with the globalisation impacts, thus reorganising their particular world and reconstructing their identity.
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