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REDUCTIONS OF CONSCIOUSNESS AND THE PROBLEM OF A THIRD WAY (Redukcje swiadomosci i problem trzeciej drogi)

100%
Kowalska M.
Analiza i Egzystencja. Czasopismo Filozoficzne
|
2010
|
issue 11
49-79
EN
The leading idea of the article is defined by a quotation from Fichte concerning the opposition between idealism and 'dogmatism', or naturalism. That opposition is interpreted as a result of two alternative 'reductions of consciousness': according to the first, or the idealistic one, it is possible to reduce the world to consciousness (or to its 'constituted correlate', to a pure phenomenon), while according to the second, the naturalistic one, it is possible to reduce consciousness to the world conceived as a material whole of particles and physical laws. The logics of the idealistic reduction is developed on the example of Husserlian 'pure phenomenology'; this of the naturalistic one is illustrated by the proposals of Paul Churchland and John Searle. The reconstruction of the two alternative modes of reductions aims at revealing their symmetry and, also, the insufficiency of either of them. In the last paragraph, the possibility of a 'third way' between idealism and naturalism is briefly examined (on the examples of several, both classical and contemporary, 'continental' and 'analytical' ideas), but the conclusions are skeptical.
2

ON LAW AND JUSTICE IN AN EXTRA-LOCAL SENSE (PASCAL AND LEVINAS)

100%
Kowalska M.
Przegląd Filozoficzno-Literacki
|
2008
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vol. 6
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issue 2-3(20)
403-413
EN
In this paper, Pascal's and Levinas' reflection about justice is juxtaposed. Both authors share the conviction that justice is not reducible to any established legal order. For the latter is always local and particular. Justice in an extra-local sense, so-called true justice, transcends the existing order and legally binding laws. According to Levinas, questioning or even destroying the subjectively unjust order in the name of 'metaphysical desire' can serve to limit, but not to eliminate injustice. Pascal is however inclined to claim that the notion of justice has no positive content, therefore it is right and really rational to 'delude people' by not rejecting the existing order but by inculcating the belief that the status quo is just. Yet at the same time, Pascal will talk about the very rare and uncertain, extra-rational intuition of justice given to chosen ones in the act of unearned grace of God.
3

DEMOCRACY AND TOTALITARIANISM IN THE POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY OF CLAUDE LEFORT (Demokracja i totalitaryzm w filozofii politycznej Claude'a Leforta)

100%
Kowalska M.
|
2009
|
vol. 8
|
issue 4(25)
529-544
EN
The intention of Claude Lefort is not, according to the authoress, to describe concrete totalitarian systems, such as Nazism or Communism, but to make the underlying assumptions and imageries explicit. The basic phantasm of totalitarianism is supposed to be the ability to incarnate the undetermined people, which is so essential to democracy, in a certain community, and amalgamating this community with its authorities that would incarnate both law and knowledge. This logic of incarnation would be equivalent not only to the logic of unity, but also to the logic of certainty, being the product of the need to find certain, univocal answers to questions that remain forever open in democracy.
4
Content available remote

THE LEVEL OF TEACHING AND PREPARATION FOR THE PROFESSION BY BIBLIOLOGICAL STUDIES AT NICOLAUS COPERNICUS UNIVERSITY IN TORUN - THE RESULTS OF A SURVEY RESEARCH (Polish title below)

63%
Kowalska M., Ciszewska W. A.
e-mentor
|
2011
|
issue 5 (42)
76-85
EN
(Polish title below: Poziom ksztalcenia i przygotowania do zawodu na studiach bibliologicznych w ocenie studentów Uniwersytetu Mikolaja Kopernika w Toruniu - wyniki badan ankietowych). The current economic and social situation in Poland forces changes in the system of higher education. Therefore, higher education institutions are required to conduct acute analysis and to instantly react for new tendencies and phenomena at the job market, which involve diversified offer of majors and programmes. The article discusses the results of a survey research conducted among the participants of information studies at Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun. The authors present students' opinions on the quality and complementarity of education as well as on their feelings regarding the chances of finding a job after graduation. The research results may be a clue for the bibliological teaching centres in the area of adjusting the information studies curriculum to their participants' needs.
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