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EN
The article discusses the interdisciplinary approaches to the study of regional economic systems and an integrated approach to the theory and methods of spatial development in spatial progress analysis. In addition, the administrative and the reproduction approaches of scientists to the assessment of specific territorial entities are analysed. Attention is paid to the manifestation forms of the reproduction stages with a complete cycle. Examples of specific national systems’ development and political institutions are considered ed, and also the important processes directly impacting on the regionalization are highlighted. For example, economic disciplines characterize the region as spatial, socio-economic integrity, where the main processes of material production take place and the integrity of the reproduction base is preserved. The approaches of various scientific disciplines in the research on regional economic systems and specific recommendations for their development are shown.
PL
W artykule omówiono aspekty gospodarki przestrzennej, które są częścią badań systemowych, skoncentrowanych na pomiarze efektów ekonomicznych w przestrzeni i osiąganiu ogólnej równowagi społecznej. Zwraca się uwagę na metody zagospodarowania przestrzennego, jak również na formy manifestacji etapów reprodukcji z pełnym cyklem. Dziś problemy regionalne wymagają większej uwagi, gdyż gospodarka przestrzenna staje się głównym przedmiotem stosunków gospodarczych i politycznych. W tej sytuacji ważne jest określenie specyfiki i priorytetów badań interdyscyplinarnych regionów, opartych na przewagach komparatywnych regionu, cechach jego rozwoju historycznego i kulturowego. W związku z tym artykuł bada interdyscyplinarne podejście do oceny rozwoju heterogenicznych formacji terytorialnych. Przedstawia podejścia różnych dyscyplin naukowych w zakresie zarówno badań regionalnych systemów gospodarczych, jak i konkretnych wniosków do podejmowania decyzji zarządczych.
EN
This article discusses the theoretical aspects of regional economic systems. Particular attention was paid to the nature of the development of border regions and coastal regions under new geopolitical circumstances. The special aspects of the functioning of those territorial units in the Russian Federation and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) were illustrated. The author has highlighted the role of the border effect which is closely related to border infrastructure (border crossings, border inspection and customs posts, communication, service, and logistics) as well as the possibility of exploiting the potential resources (land, forest, water, and leisure) extensively on both sides of the border. Great emphasis was put on the forms of international cooperation between inhabitants of border regions, institutions and organisations.
EN
This article presents the issues of social development and social protection in border regions. An extensive analytical study shows that taking effective actions on social protection and social development is the basis of stable development of border regions. Theoretical foundations of social protection of the population were also presented. Using the example of national programs of social protection of the population in developed countries, the main directions of social protection of the population were examined. This paper also includes an assessment of capabilities and resource bases and their impact on the social protection of the population, a combination of cash and in-kind funds required to meet human needs and the functioning of the entire system of social protection of the population in border regions.
EN
In this article the authors analyze the theoretical aspects of the economy under the conditions of modern processes of integration. The authors describe the existing schools and concepts of integration. Modern studies focus on the evolution of integration processes, which has largely affected the key elements of the world economic mechanism. There are features and advantages of clusters in the context of strengthening regional integration. The factors of the regional economy, which contribute to the increased efficiency of clusters and the territory as a whole at the micro and macro levels, are determined. Also components of the strategy of cluster development are grounded.
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