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ПОШИРЕНІСТЬ ПОВЕДІНКОВИХ ЧИННИКІВ РИЗИКУ СЕРЕД ПІДЛІТКІВ УКРАЇНИ

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Ольга Б., Оксана Д., Ольга Р., Катерина Ш.
Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології
|
2017
|
issue 4(68)
3-12
EN
The aim of article is to study the dissemination of behavioral risk factors among the Ukrainian adolescents. Methods. Sociological and mathematic methods. Results. According to WHO Ukraine occupies 7th place in the world on the level of dissemination of tobacco smoking among adult population and 3rd place in Europe on the dissemination of tobacco smoking among adolescents. In the period since 1999 to 2014 three series of international surveys (ESPAD, GYTS, HBSC) were carried out in Ukraine. The surveys contained the questions on smoking. All interviews were conducted among children of different school age. The European region was the leader in distribution of cigarette smoking (19,2 %), followed by Americas (14,4 %) and Western Pacific regions (13,4 %). The lowest levels of cigarette smoking have been identified in the Southeast (5,9 %) and the Mediterranean (4,9 %) regions of WHO. The positive tendency of reducing of tobacco smoking among groups of population of different age is shown. However, key indicators are too high: 48,5 % of students had ever tried to smoke cigarettes, 28,8 % of respondents initiated smoking before age ten; 3,7 % always have or feel like having a cigarette first thing in the morning; besides cigarettes, cigars, cigarillos, mini-cigars become more popular among the adolescents smokers (to 7,2 %), shiha (waterpipes) – 8,0 %; over one in five students live in homes where others smoke, number of students smoked at their homes increased more than twice as large (from 5,7 % to 12,1 %, p≤0,01); 55,3 % of never smokers are likely to initiate smoking next year. In addition to tobacco, alcohol is the second common habit among today’s adolescents. According to the Institute for Social and Forensic Psychiatry and Toxicology, Ministry of Health of Ukraine 22,0 % of schoolchildren and students drink alcohol on a daily basis or several times a week. Conclusion. The high prevalence of smoking and alcohol consumption among adolescents in Ukraine requires the development and introduction of new effective preventive measures aimed at the formation of health-behavior of young people. It is important to start preventive measures in advance of the onset of risk behavior.
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