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Right to Privacy and State Policy on Cyber Security. Necessity or Threat from the State

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Maciejewski R.

Przegląd Strategiczny

2020

issue 13

379-394

W dobie niezwykle szybkiego rozwoju technologicznego szczególne zainteresowanie państwo kieruje ku bezpieczeństwu w cyberprzestrzeni, a dominującą wartością w jego polityce staje się cyberbezpieczeństwo. Tego rodzaju polityka może wywołać szereg negatywnych konsekwencji, do których można zaliczyć m.in. chęć wprowadzenia regulacji prawnych, które ograniczać mogą prawa i swobody obywatelskie, a w następnym etapie mogą prowadzić do stosowania przemocy. Skutkiem tego, ich realizacja powoduje nadmierną, a niejednokrotnie nieuprawnioną ingerencję organów publicznych w sferę prywatności obywateli. Należy też podkreślić, że globalny charakter Internetu sprawia, iż mechanizmy oparte na terytorialności w dość ograniczony sposób zapewniają skuteczną ochronę praw jednostek przed naruszeniami ze strony władzy publicznej w cyberprzestrzeni. Obok dużych szkód fizycznych i bezpośrednich strat finansowych, samo prawdopodobieństwo wystąpienia przyszłych cyberzagrożeń wywoływać może społeczną nieufność i niechęć do pracy z nowymi technologiami.

In the era of extremely rapid technological development, the state is directing particular interest towards security in cyberspace and cyber security is becoming a dominant value in its policy. Such a policy may cause a number of negative consequences, such as the willingness to introduce legal regulations that may limit civil rights and freedoms, and in the next stage may lead to violence. As a result, their implementation causes excessive, and often unauthorized, interference of public authorities in the sphere of citizens’ privacy. It should also be stressed that the global nature of the Internet means that mechanisms based on territoriality in a rather limited way ensure effective protection of individual rights against violations by public authorities in cyberspace. In addition to significant physical damage and direct financial losses, the mere likelihood of future cyber threats may cause social distrust and unwillingness to work with new technologies.

Józefa Tischnera filozofia ludzkiej nadziei

100%

Maciejewski R.

Studia Teologiczno-Historyczne Śląska Opolskiego

2013

vol. 33

39-48

From the author’s point of view, Fr. Joseph Tischner is considered Polish creator of the philosophy of drama, which heart is seen in the agathology, i.e. the doctrine or science of the good. However, the period of axiological and agathological creativity of the philosopher from Cracow would not be fully legible without the issue of the hope. An important in its meaning is the fact that his first book is devoted to the hope. Also Tischner’s recent texts testify how important for his religious thinking was the problem of the hope. There was a time, when he was described as a philosopher of the hope. As in Marcel’s, also Tischner’s teaching on the hope is preceded by an ordeal, which is accompanied by uncertainty, anxiety, ungrounded fear, or even, a temptation of desperation. Thus, the hope is a natural reaction to these human states and experiences. It is a strength to undertake the effort, it is a promise: “One need to say that man is stronger than desperation”. It is easy to notice that Tischner places the hope in a world of values. In this period of his philosophy, which we called “axiological”, the experience of valuewill always decide on the value. In the context of the search for the truth about man, Tischner points out the basis of the hope. Does it mean that the hope is the only way of the efficient concern about self and is to be regarded as another kind of human egoism? According to Tischner, this first aspect of the hope, bounded up with the existence of axiological «Ego», it does not have to lead to an inevitable decline into egoism, personal benefit and final evil unless we deal with the «Ego» axiologically, in the light of the most fundamental dimension of the hope, i.e. religious dimension.

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1 Przegląd Strategiczny

1 Studia Teologiczno-Historyczne Śląska Opolskiego

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2 Maciejewski R.

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Right to Privacy and State Policy on Cyber Security. Necessity or Threat from the State

Józefa Tischnera filozofia ludzkiej nadziei