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K obratu v zahraniční politice Sovětského svazu a Kominterny na počátku 30. let

100%
Litera B.
Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)
|
2009
|
vol. 95
|
issue 4
471-482
EN
The study analyses circumstances, conditions and progress of radical reappraisal of the Soviet Union's foreign policy at the end of 1933 and its connections with no-less dramatic change of the Communist International's (CI) policy two years later. Transformation of the Comintern's policy, which resulted in creation of people's fronts, is connected with J. Dimitrov. Dimitrov was rescued from a German prison by J. V. Stalin, who put him in charge of the Communist International and discussed all issues concerning changes of the Comintern's policy with him. These changes are documented in decrees issued by top CI's organs, which regard the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia between 1933 and 1935.
2
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Konfliktní spojenectví: vztahy Ruska, Evropské unie a tranzitních zemí v energetice.

100%
Litera B.
Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)
|
2010
|
vol. 96
|
issue 1-2
67-85
EN
The study analyses a complex of complicated relations between the EU and Russia in power engineering. It emphasizes the high level of their mutual dependency. The EU depends on import of Russian natural gas and the entire Russian financial sphere depends on payments for energy materials exported to the EU. It traces the main problems of their mutual relations involving the Energy Charter and an effort to lessen their mutual dependence by diversification of energy material suppliers (the EU) and new export routes (Russia). The study accentuates lasting problems arising from the necessity to transit energy materials through third countries - mainly the Ukraine and Belorussia.
3
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Pětiletky „druhé revoluce“: Rudá armáda a zbrojní průmysl 1928–1937

100%
Litera B.
Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)
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2008
|
vol. 16
135-171
EN
During the twenties, due to power struggles and to devastated and later only stabilized economy, Moscow could afford only a moderate increase of military expenditures. Their rapid growth started in the late 1920s, and mainly in 1931 and 1932 in response to the Far East tension and, in particular, in connection with the start of qualitative modernization of the Red Army. Its weapons and equipment, dating mostly from the prewar time and only exceptionally improved, were replaced with new types, and a new type of armed forces also appeared: armored and mechanized units. Another stage of modernization started in 1936, apparently in response to the international situation. The military budgets were rapidly growing, the arms and equipment introduced in the RKKA in the early 1930s were now, in accordance with the international trend, replaced with a new generation. However, further development was delayed, and in some cases even stopped by the political repressions. As a result, the USSR was unable to immediately follow the new international trends that appeared in the mid-1930s, and the next stage of rearmament started only just before the outbreak of the war.
4
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Centralistická politika komunistické strany a regiony v Sovětském svazu do počátku 30. let 20. století

100%
Litera B.
Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)
|
2010
|
vol. 18
|
issue 2
51-84
EN
The system of interrelations between the center and the regions in the Soviet Union from the 1920s to the early 1930s is analyzed in the study. Concrete cases are used to describe the development of relations and mutual interactions between the center and the regions in the USSR as well as the factors determining them. The tools used and the attempts made by the center, where the decisive power was concentrating in J. V. Stalin's hands, to centralize state power and limit the influence of Party elite at the regional level are explained. The latter had, however, strong positions in the Central Committee of the Bolshevist Party and were able to enforce the interests of their particular regions, and thus protect and strengthen their own positions within the Party system. It appears that not only geographical factors and insufficient control of the provinces played some role in the development of interrelations between the center and the regions; of great importance was also the ethnic policy and later also, in particular, the start of radical modernization of the country by means of forced collectivization and industrialization. Both of these processes strengthened dramatically Moscow's centralization efforts; on the other hand, however, they created new opportunities for the regional elite to increase their influence and strengthen their positions.
5
Content available remote

Od revoluce a občanské války ke statutu velmoci. Hlavní trendy vývoje Ruska a Sovětského svazu v první polovině 20. století (teze k diskusi)

63%
Reiman M., Litera B.
Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)
|
2009
|
vol. 95
|
issue 4
501-513
EN
The study analyses main evolutionary tendencies in Russia in the first half of the 20th century, their significance in modernisation of the country and Russia's transformation into a great power. It pays particular attention to political and social-economical expansion and puts it in a broad context of Soviet Union's advancement and international situation.
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