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EN
The Mazurian Institute in Olsztyn was the Research Station of the Institute of Western Affairs in Poznań from 1948 to 1953. The aim of the present study is to examine to what extent the documents collected at the Institute for Western Affairs reflect the situation of the Olsztyn institution. The research problem was an attempt to answer the question: under what organisational and financial conditions did the Mazurian Institute function as the Research Station of the Institute for Western Affairs? Did these change, and if so - to what extent, upon its management being taken over by the Institute in Poznań? The research methods consisted of a critical analysis of documents deposited in the Archive of the Institute for Western Affairs and literature needed to draw a broader picture. The conclusions were no surprise to the author of the text. Firstly, the sources provide a picture of the Institute in Olsztyn as a small unit, struggling with many difficulties -organisational issues, accommodation, staffing and, of course, funding. However, the extensive factual reports show the enormous work carried out by the Station Manager Emilia Sukertowa- Biedrawina and her very modest team. The Mazurian Institute cannot therefore be compared in status and scientific significance to the Institute for Western Affairs or the Silesian Institute, although the very name of these three institutions might suggest so.
EN
The article presents the figure of Nicholas Copernicus in the pages of Polish history textbooks in the years 1918–2009. The materials were collected in the framework of the international project „Pruzzenland. Regional identity constructions in textbooks Polish, Germany, Lithuania and Russia. “ For the analysis selected 51 books that examined the contents of the main, complementary, illustrations, source texts and questions and tasks for pupils. In the interwar period and the emigration textbooks special attention was paid to the Polish astronomer, his attachment to his homeland and ardent patriotism. In socialist times (50’s) emphasis on social attitudes: defense of the poor and oppressed, the treatment of the poor, improving peoples’ lives; They condemned the views of the Catholic Church and proclaimed the victory of science over faith. Starting from the 70’s up to the present day information about Copernicus are quite comprehensive and objective. Since 2000. In books puts the main emphasis on humanistic attitude Renaissance astronomer and the multiplicity of its interests.
EN
The article was written on the basis of source materials gathered for the purposes of the international project “Pruzzenland [ziemie pruskie]. Porównawcza analiza regionalnych konstrukcji tożsamości w podręcznikach szkolnych Niemiec, Polski, Litwy i Rosji,” executed in the years 2010–2013 by the Georg–Eckert–Instytut in Braunschweig (Germany) and the Institute of History and International Relations at the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn in cooperation with partners in Russia (Moscow) and Lithuania (Vilnius, Kaunas). The research aims at a comparative analysis of school handbooks that were one of the most important means of shaping the identity of the young generation in the 20th and 21st centuries. A total of 740 handbooks in four languages was analysed. The resulting two monographies, one in Polish and one in German, differ slightly in terms of content but are based on the same source material. The works analyse several main topoi: Prussian landscape, specificity of Prussian tribes, battle of Grunwald, issues of religion, canon of important figures across the ages, migrations in the 20th century, history of education and contemporary Polish education regarding the region. Since both monographes do not use the available illustrative materials extensively, this text analyses the image of the Teutonic Order in handbook iconography. The library search that preceded the writing process consisted in analysing scanned pages from handbooks gathered within the project. Not all 288 handbooks included therein regarded the Middle Ages or the modern times, which chronologically encompass the operations of the Order. Some of those publications have very general titles and only browsing through them allowed for the identification that they actually regard later times.
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