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EN
The contribution refers to selected priority areas of the Polish Presidency in the EU. The topics include the future EU Financial Framework; future of the EU enlargement policy, Eastern Partnership; the EU Energy Policy and especially areas of defense policy during Presidency: development of military capabilities, with a focus on pooling and sharing and the revival of the discussion on the increase of usefulness and flexibility of EU Battle Groups and strengthening EU capabilities, reform of its command structure, in particular improvement of planning capabilities and conducting operations at  strategic level.
PL
Autor wskazuje wybrane obszary priorytetowe polskiej prezydencji w Unii Europejskiej. W szczególnoœci analizie poddano przyszłość polityki rozszerzenia, Partnerstwa Wschodniego, polityki energetycznej Unii Europejskiej, a także kwestie polityki obrony, między innymi możliwoœci rozwoju zdolności militarnych, dyskusji nad ideą grup bojowych UE i ustanowienia wspólnego dowództwa, co wzmocni zdolnoœci planowania i prowadzenia operacji.
PL
Functioning of the Visegrad Group since its beginning was not an easy issue. V4 was established to integrate East-Central European countries into Euro-Atlantic structures in the atmosphere of cooperation. However, it was a partnership o f countries which in many cases guided by different interests. From the beginning, there was no sympathy inside the Group, but over time it changed. Since joining into the European Union in this cooperation experienced moments of common mobilizing such as: a struggle under the EU Cohesion Policy, the fight for the Union budgets, and the last one position against the welcome of refugees arriving to Europe. It should be noted that properly develop cooperation of Visegrad Group at the elementary level in areas such as: environmental protection, infrastructure, transport and energy projects and tourism. An important new motivation to this cooperation is founded in 2016 EU Battle Group of the Visegrad Group with almost 4 thousand soldiers.
EN
The article deals with problems related to Russian international policy at the turn of the 21st century aimed at reconstructing the country’s position as a global power. The defeat of the Soviet Union in the cold war confrontation with the United States seriously limited the superpower prerogatives of the Russian Federation as a successor of the Soviet Union in international relations. In the two decades that followed Russia managed to ward off the threat of disintegration of its statehood and to reconstruct it on grounds of a strong authoritarian central rule. A worldwide demand for energy resources helped it build foundations for an expansive resource economy which was concurrently a tool for implementing an imperialistic policy that proves successful especially in Russia’s traditional sphere of influence. With the onset of the 21st century Russia had to face competition from new actors in the multipolar international system that tends to polarize further. The traditional competition with the United States and Europe has expanded onto dynamically developing China and India. At the same time globalization imposes far-fetched cooperation within this configuration curbed by Russia’s inadequate coping with challenges of state modernization. Therefore the growth or decrease of the role of the Russian Federation as a power will largely follow from the efficiency of the reforms it introduces. So far they have shown small dynamism and in a longer perspective barriers to development can contribute to a deterioration of the social, economic and political situation with relevant negative consequences to the international environment.
EN
The article deals with the problem of the impact of transatlantic relations on the shape of internal security of the European Union especially in the context of escalation of unconventional threats. It also shows the dependence between the ability to co-shape the international framework of security and the maintenance of a strong position on the international arena together with possibilities of an unhampered development. At the threshold of the 21st century issues of EU’s internal security were strongly correlated with broadly understood international security. This is particularly visible in transatlantic relations with growing expectations towards the EU to play the role of USA’s partner and to take upon itself responsibility for its own security to a larger extent than before.
EN
President performs his tasks mainly through the specific and politically strong body of the Security Council of the Russian Federation The Author devoted her treatise to the issues of polish presidency in the European Union. The Author pointed out the variety of factors that need to be taken into account when estimating effectiveness of this institution. Indicating the problems troubling the EU Author pointed out how Polish Presidency became coordinator of many meeting what was tremendous logistical tasks. The final element of the treatise was the analysis of opinions formulated inside Poland – their character was predictably determined by political bias.
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