Results found: 2

Search results

Sort By:

Limit search:

Idee i wzorce muzyczne luteranizmu w zderzeniu z kulturą ludową

100%

Nawrocka-Wysocka A.

Aspekty Muzyki

2011

vol. 1

141-155

The clash of Lutheranism with traditional culture is the subject of research by contemporary Scandinavian hymnologists, who propose a creation of a separate research discipline: ethnohymnology. The use of traditional historical methods and those borrowed from anthropology and ethnomusicology allows for observation of normative and unchanging ideas (i.e. contained within sources of ideas and patterns) on one hand, and dynamic elements transmitted by oral tradition on the other. According to Martin Luther’s presumptions, an excellent and widespread model of music should be a monophonic religious hymn inspired by Gregorian chant, pre-Reformation church hymns, and German folk songs. A huge role in the dissemination of such a repertoire among the common people was played by songbooks used during individual and family prayers. For local communities, they were almost relics that were not parted with both in everyday life and during holidays. Most often, the songbooks contained no musical notation, so people were learning the melodies of the songs by ear during church services, or at home from their parents and grandparents. In 19th-century sources, the predominant level in the liturgy of the Lutheran rural churches was evaluated as appalling, and congregation singing was described as chaotic and devoid of any artistic rules. According to contemporary scholars, calls to unify and improve the artistic merit appeared in Scandinavian churches with the wave of a widespread movement of renewal, which emerged in the German Lutheran Church in the early 19th century. These relations also confi rm the presence of a characteristic style of Lutheran singing called “the old way of singing” in Scandinavia and the Baltic countries. Originally, the term used to describe a singing style that existed during several centuries in the parish churches of England (from the 15th to the 18th century), and it was later adopted, by analogy, from English musicology. As the main determinants of the old practice, the following factors are mentioned: isolated communities, diffi cult access to churches, replacing church services with family prayer, lack of organs in churches, and lack of codifi ed collections of hymn tunes. Characteristic features of the style are: slow tempo, very loud singing, a melismatic richness and heterophony resulting from superimposing variants of the melodies. After the reform, this style was eliminated from the liturgy and survived only fragmentarily within situations outside the church (during individual prayer, work, folk customs), or was cultivated by pietistic religious communities. This is confi rmed by fi eld recordings conducted in the 20th century in the Scandinavian countries, the Baltic countries, as well as Masuria.

Pomerania non cantat? Uwagi o ewangelikach z Pomorza Zachodniego, ich repertuarze religijnym i sposobie śpiewania

100%

Nawrocka-Wysocka A.

Aspekty Muzyki

2014

vol. 4

31-51

Because of geographical distribution, origin, political involvement and religious specificity, Lutherans of Western Pomerania are treated as a border community. The largest populations of Polish-speaking Protestants occurred in the counties of Lębork, Bytów and Słupsk. This commu-nity disappeared at the end of the nineteenth century, although still in the 20s and 30s, researchers recorded a lot of people who knew the Kashubian dialect. Lutherans in the Kashubian region were generally unknown to religious communities of Masuria, Silesia and the Polish Kingdom. More knowledge about them brought only through a study conducted by Alexander Hilferding — a Russian Slavicist traveling in these areas in 1856. The greatest popularity in the definition of this com-munity has won ethnonym Slovincians propagated by Alexander Hilferding. Available sources and studies mainly publish information on the language, especially its use in church services and teach-ing religion. Thera are, however, extremely rare eyewitness accounts relating used hymn books and cantionals, popularity of a particular repertoire and the context of its practice. From the relation-ship and visitation of church printed from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century, we know that they were used in religious services “Polish songbooks”. The oldest of them is cantional prepared by a priest Simon Krofey from Bytów with a handwritten appendix compiled from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century. Pastor Lorek from Cecenowo immortalized in the consciousness of later generations stereotypes of a tacit and gloomy Kashubian. However, according to later observers, Kashubians sang willingly and often but only a religious repertoire, while the folk song and dance sounded very rare. Considering the available sources it seems that the inhabitants of these lands — like the Protestants from Silesia and Masuria had used their own repertoire, which could be performed in an original and unique way.

Refine search results

2 Aspekty Muzyki

1 2014

1 2011

2 Nawrocka-Wysocka A.

Search results

Idee i wzorce muzyczne luteranizmu w zderzeniu z kulturą ludową

Pomerania non cantat? Uwagi o ewangelikach z Pomorza Zachodniego, ich repertuarze religijnym i sposobie śpiewania