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The article presents point of view of Onufry Kopczynski on ways of description of Polish sounds and the way how he described Polish speech sounds in the first Polish grammars in the 70s and 80s of 18th century as well as in so called 'Gramatyka Pozgonna' (the book published after his death in 1817). These works were a point of reference for next generation of Polish grammarians before the birth of scientific linguistics in Poland. The authoress shows theoretical basis of Kopczynski's views, the ways they were influenced by French rational and philosophical grammars and how this resulted in his attitude to sound aspect of language and in some ways prevented him from the accurate examination and description of the phenomenon.
EN
Connections between the process of perception of reality, its cognition and verbalisation of concepts constitute main subject of cognitive linguistics but were noticed and described earlier. According to Jan Rozwadowski (1867-1935) language pictures the world, and changes in language are conditioned by the ways of world's perception by humans. The article presents also other conceptions of Rozwadowski that are similar to cognitive linguistics: role of culture in the process of naming, shifts in words' meaning, connection between semantics and grammar, and metaphor as a fundamental mechanism of language.
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