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Calquing English Terminology into Polish

100%
Wach S.
Academic Journal of Modern Philology
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2013
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vol. 2
161-169
EN
This paper focuses on the question of calquing or loan translation. Basic tendencies in the field of borrowing are presented, one of which is to preserve loanwords while the other one to form calques. Various definitions of calquing are included along with the common distinction between semantic and structural calques understood in terms of polysemy and creation of new linguistic entities. Problems with borrowing and calquing are indicated on the basis of traditional classifi cations. The discussion leads to a newer classification which is derived from Carstensen and Busse (1994), i.e. one which leads to the distinction between calques and loan formations. Examples to indicate the accuracy of both categories are derived from computer terminology: both doublett es and various degree of translation. This part is based on a corpus study of text in Gazeta Wyborcza. Two tendencies are identified in this respect: creation of families of new terms and formation of new terms in accordance with the principles followed in earlier terminology. Concurrently, other factors, which lie beyond the realm of contrastive linguistics, are pointed as the reasons for the existing diversity in terminology. They are around the concept of sociolinguistic domains, in accordance with setting and participant framework. One of the reasons for not forming calques can be associated with the etymology of terms which inhibits this process.
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Recenzja książki Tomasza Chyrzyńskiego pt. „Język w Internecie. Formalne, semantyczne i funkcjonalno-pragmatyczne właściwości języka angielskiego i polskiego w komunikacji internetowej”. Olsztyn, 2012: Centrum Badań Europy Wschodniej Uniwersytetu Warmińsko-Mazurskiego w Olsztynie. ISBN 8361605495, 185 stron

100%
Wach S.
Academic Journal of Modern Philology
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2013
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vol. 2
187-192
EN
The book by Tomasz Chyrzyński (entitled: Language and the Internet. Formal, Semantic and Functional-Pragmatic Properties of English and Polish in Internet Communication—written in Polish) undertakes the issue of electronic communication and the ways in which language evolves in connection with the processes which are best demonstrated on the Internet. There are five chapters, first two of which deal with the role of the Internet nowadays and research directions in Internet linguistics, respectively. Chapter 3 focuses on phonetic, grammatical, lexical and syntactic properties of English and Polish in electronic communication, noting the similarities, differences in the languages and changes in the linguistic behaviors of the participants. Chapter 4 describes the process of creating pseudonyms and nicknames on Internet forums, portals and chats, treating them as the expression of users’ creativity and noting the diversity in them. Chapter 5 undertakes the analysis of lexical and stylistic properties of a microblog, called Blip, adopting the perspective of the ethnography of communication for this purpose. A criticism of the approach in the book is presented focusing on several aspects, which are not utilized in the book in a way that has been projected. The critical view in particular concerns the insufficient application of the ethnographic model proposed in the book.
3
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Review of the Book: Leszek Bednarczuk, Anna Bochnakowa, Stanisław Widłak, Przemysław Dębowiak, Iwona Piechnik (eds.) "Linguistique Romane et linguistique Indo-Européene: Melanges offerts à Witold Mańczak à l’occasion de son 90e anniversaire" [Romance and Indo-European Linguistics: A Festschrift in Honor of Prof. Witold Mańczak on the Occasion of His Ninetieth Birthday]. Kraków 2014: Polska Akademia Umiejętności and Instytut Filologii Romańskiej Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego. ISBN: 978-83-7676-185-5, 487 pages

63%
Wach S., Haładewicz-Grzelak M.
Academic Journal of Modern Philology
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2015
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vol. 4
179-193
EN
In this review we provide an evaluation of the Festschrift honoring the occasion of Prof. Witold Mańczak’s ninetieth birthday. We start by sketching general characteristics of the book, emphasizing the wide range of tributary topics covered, as well as the range of languages of contributions, reflecting the many areas where the Professor’s work impacted the language sciences. Then we focus on one of the most controversial claims advocated by the Festschrifee, which has spawned a lot research and findings, namely, the importance of the frequency of occurrence of a given linguistic item. We argue that this claim should be considered against the wider background of the Natural Linguistics paradigm. Finally, we review and synopsize the content, which we proposed to group into the following thematic realms: (i) Etymology / language contact; (ii) Language change, theory and history of language; (iii) Syntax/semantics; (iv) Contemporary language usage / sociolinguistics; (v) Lexicography / translation studies. The article ends with the general recommendation of the monograph to a broad readership.
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