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EN
Cataloguing the Internet resources is being compared to cataloguing library resources. Social tagging is one of the methods of systematizing the Internet contents. The researchers have been deliberating for several years whether this method is useful for libraries, how it’s usefulness can be increased, and how to eliminate it’s shortcomings, to make it an equal tool in library information-retrieval systems. The author presents systematic review of current research on this topic, and proposals of folksonomy transformation into controlled tagging systems. She also offers a thesis concerning a tendency of folksonomy development into facet thesaurus, comparing tags to uniterms’ system.
EN
Purpose: This study aims to empirically present the process of personal branding of CEOs. Building on the theoretical model proposed by Wojtaszczyk and Maszewski (2014), the study illustrates how CEOs build their personal brands. Methodology: The study is based on twelve semi-structured interviews with the CEOs of Poland’s strongest brands. Results were coded and analyzed with the use of MAXQDA software. Results: The research allowed us to understand the process of creating a personal brand by CEOs. Moreover, interviews revealed that the personal brand reflects the true self of CEOs. However, it is also adjusted to the target audience; consequently, CEOs show diverse identities to the outside world. Implications: Through the empirical investigation of the branding process, the findings fill a certain research gap. Insights gained in the process may prove useful for practitioners. Originality/value: The article explores the subject of the personal brand, which continues to be the focus of many researchers, particularly in the CEE region. This research gave voice to CEOs, who explained how they build their personal brand and shared detailed information whose scope greatly exceeds what they present in the media.
EN
Having a place to live is one of the most important human needs. Nowadays, we are observing changes in family model and housing standard, which determine the size of households' expenditure on living conditions. More and more often people spend most of their incomes on maintaining their dwellings. The aim of the article is to present how the housing standard was changing in Poland over the years and how it influenced the volume of households' housing expenditure depending on job career and household size in Poland. Furthermore, the author presents a comparison of housing costs in Poland and other countries.
PL
Inwestycje na rynkach towarowych można podzielić na bezpośrednie i pośrednie. W przypadku inwestycji bezpośrednich najmniej kłopotliwe jest inwestowanie w metale szlachetne, ponieważ nie wymagają szczególnych warunków przechowywania. Do wspomagania decyzji inwestycyjnych na rynkach metali szlachetnych można wykorzystać metody analizy technicznej. Zasady ich stosowania są analogiczne jak w przypadku inwestowania na rynku akcji. Stąd celem niniejszej pracy jest wykorzystanie wybranych wskaźników analizy technicznej do oceny inwestycji na rynkach metali szlachetnych. Materiał empiryczny stanowią ceny spot z rynku londyńskiego, obejmujące okres od stycznia 2005 do maja 2011. Na ich podstawie zostaną wyznaczone średnie ruchome i oscylatory, co pomoże wybrać odpowiednie strategie.
EN
Investments in commodity markets may be divided into direct and indirect ways. In the case of direct ways, investing in precious metals is the least inconvenient as they do not require special storage conditions. In order to support investment decisions in precious metals markets, methods of technical analysis may be used. As technical analysis in commodity markets is no different from that in stock markets, the aim of the paper is to apply some technical analysis indicators to investigate investments in precious metals markets. Empirical data covers London market spot prices for the period January 2005 – May 2011. This is the basis to calculate moving averages and oscillators, which can help to find the right commodity trading strategies.
EN
Calendar effects are anomalies in the behavior of asset prices that may disprove the efficient market hypothesis. The well recognized are: day-of-the-week effect, month-of-the-year effect, holidays effect and turn-of-the-month effect. These anomalies are observed in many financial markets, most often on stock exchanges, thus studies on calendar effects usually focus on stock markets. However, the aim of the paper is searching for the anomalies in precious metals markets (the empirical data covers London daily spot prices from 2008 through 2013). This is the continuation of authors’ prior research aimed at testing weak market efficiency hypothesis for precious metals markets.
6
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Library Of The Court Of Justice Of The European Union

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EN
Thesis/objective – The aim of the article is to promote knowledge about the Library of the Court of Justice of the European Union. The mission of the Library, which was established as a closed to public strictly specialized library, determined its development: to carry out its tasks a special indexing system has been created, the mission influenced the collection, methods of storage and the arrangement of the administration department of the Library. Experiences and ideas concerning the organisation of the Library and its catalogue could be of benefit for librarians willing to improve the quality of the library service as well. Research method – The authors analysed the documents as books and articles on the Library of the CJEU. Some of these publications were internal bulletins of the Court of Justice, some monographs and articles widely available for public. The bibliography includes both memoirs, monographs on strictly legal topics of institutional law and doctrine, library science publications concerning functioning of libraries, creation of catalogues and knowledge organisation systems. Some author's remarks are their subjective observations made during the work at the Directorate-General for Library, Research and Documentation. Results and conclusions – The Library of the Court of Justice becomes the only keeper and custodian of the whole legal heritage of united Europe. This implies also the new challenge for the Library. A catalogue of the highest quality, one that is consistent and original, and furnished with a rich notational system, should be the fruit of long-term work executed on the basis of predetermined criteria that anticipate trends of EU law development. To keep in mind a universal rule underlying the activity of every library, namely widespread and free access to knowledge, the Library should adapt its policy to changing world for instance finding a balance between limitations imposed by copyrights and related rights and open access ideas.
PL
Teza/cel artykułu – Intencją autorów artykułu jest rozpropagowanie wiedzyo Bibliotece Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej. Misja Biblioteki – zbliżona do misji wyspecjalizowanych bibliotek publicznych – określiła jej rozwój. W celu zrealizowania zadań Biblioteki opracowano specyficzny system indeksowania, misja miała także wpływ na zasady gromadzenia, metody przechowywania oraz organizację działu administracyjnego Biblioteki. Doświadczenia i pomysły związane z prowadzeniem Biblioteki i jej katalogu mogą posłużyć pracownikom bibliotek pragnącym podnieść jakość świadczonych usług. Metoda badań – Autorzy dokonali analizy książek i artykułów udostępnianych przez Bibliotekę, zarówno wewnętrznych biuletynów Trybunału Sprawiedliwości, jak i ogólnodostępnych monografii i publikacji w czasopismach. Analizą objęto wspomnienia, monografie prawnicze z zakresu prawa i doktryn instytucjonalnych, a także publikacje bibliotekoznawcze dotyczące działania bibliotek, budowania katalogów i systemów organizacji wiedzy. Część uwag autorów stanowią subiektywne obserwacje poczynione podczas pracy w Dyrekcji Generalnej do spraw Bibliotek, Badań i Dokumentacji. Wyniki i wnioski – Biblioteka Trybunału Sprawiedliwości jest jedynym opiekunem całej spuścizny prawniczej zjednoczonej Europy, co stawia ją w obliczu prawdziwego wyzwania. Katalog Biblioteki, wysokiej jakości, spójny, oryginalny i wyposażony w bogaty system adnotacji, powinien stanowić produkt długotrwałej pracy realizowanej według ściśle określonych kryteriów, antycypujących trendy w rozwoju prawa unijnego. W celu zachowania podstawowej zasady regulującej działanie każdej biblioteki, tj. zasady nieograniczonego dostępu do wiedzy, Biblioteka powinna dostosować swoją politykę do zmieniającego się świata, na przykład równoważąc ograniczenia wynikające z prawa autorskiego i praw pokrewnych z ideami otwartego dostępu.
EN
Research background: Despite increased attention in the literature to the importance of the CEO's brand for companies, understanding of the effect of the CEO brand on the corporate brand remains limited. To contribute to this discussion, this paper investigates different facets of the impact of the CEO brand, and particularly its media coverage, on corporate brand equity. Purpose of the article: This study investigates the relationship between the different aspects of the CEO brand's media coverage and corporate brand equity. Methods: Comprehensive media monitoring in the press and online sourcing of CEOs from the strongest Polish brands were conducted. For three years (2014-2017), media monitoring covered 81 CEOs, resulting in over 44,000 data points for this study. Regression analysis was conducted to determine whether a relationship exists between different facets of the CEO?s personal brand and company brand equity. Findings & value added: This study provides a new perspective on the relationship between the CEO and corporate brands and showcases empirical evidence of the CEO brand's relationship with corporate brand equity. It introduces two relevant and novel variables (CEO brand reach and CEO brand advertising value equivalent [AVE]) to the literature, which have been limited to the number of mentions and its sentiment. Accordingly, this study contributes to the emerging literature of CEO branding within the branding field. Contrary to expectation, the intensity of media coverage alone was not significant. Results indicate that reach and AVE of CEO media exposure are reflected in the corporate brand equity. The study also finds that negative sentiment toward a CEO?s brand negatively affects corporate brand equity. The study adds to the growing stream of literature on the role of CEO brand.
EN
The real estate market is considered to be one of the least technologically advanced markets. Despite this, attempts are made to implement modern technologies referred to as Prop-Tech. The aim of this study is to assess customers’ expectations in the use of modern technologies in the process of buying and subsequent use of flats on the local primary residential real estate market. The study has been conducted in order to achieve the above-mentioned goal. A survey questionnaire was used as a research tool. The subjects were young people (up to 35 years of age) from the area of Poznań (non-random sample selection, sample size n=220). Based on the research, it can be concluded that there is a large group of customers that are aware of modern technologies and claim that they would be willing to pay more for the technologies they choose. Probably this number could be increased if the buyers were pointed to specific savings from investing in modern solutions. The adopted spatial scope (city of Poznań) results from the specificity of this research area. And although there are no substantive grounds for major generalisations, taking into account the size of the market in Poznań, it can be assumed that in other large Polish cities customer preferences are similar.
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