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In the introduction to his book The Translator’s Invisibility, Lawrence Venuti discusses the condition of the translator and of translation in contemporary America. In the country, translation is not a valued activity, translated texts are domesticated, and translators are expected to remain invisible. The article discusses how Venuti’s diagnosis applies to the situation in Poland, with its much more peripheral or even culturally subordinated status; whether the causes of translator’s invisibility, listed by Venuti, appear in translation into Polish; how the position of translation and of the translator is influenced by the target culture’s peripheral character; and whether there is a straightforward link between cultural hegemony and translation strategy.
EN
In the 1840s in Wielkopolska, the first team of Polish women translators was gathered by Konstancja Raczyńska to render texts connected with the history of Poland into Polish. In this article, I would like to study the roles assumed by these translators. Were they traditional, invisible servants of their authors? Did they translate to make a living? Or perhaps, taken with the authority of the texts and their authors, did they try to be gatekeepers, keeping out the uninitiated? Or, just the opposite, did they attempt to spread the gospel of the texts to their fellow Poles? To answer these questions, I will begin with a short overview of their situation and biographies to find out who they were, how they worked, what their competences and motivation were, and why they translated. This information will serve as the basis for the translators’ profiles and for establishing their roles in Polish history and culture.
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