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Problem z pojęciem umowy sprzedaży w nowej ustawie o prawach konsumenta – zagadnienie umów mieszanych z obowiązkiem świadczenia usługi

100%
Zoll F.
internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny
|
2014
|
vol. 3
|
issue 4
8-20
PL
Artykuł dotyczy problemu implementacji dyrektywy o prawach konsumentów do polskiego system prawnego. Podstawowym przedmiotem analizy jest art. 2 pkt 5 dyrektywy i jego implementacja. Polski ustawodawca wydał odrębną ustawę o prawach konsumenta. Niektóre regulacje zostały jednak umieszczone w kodeksie cywilnym. Powstaje pytanie dotyczące wzajemnych relacji między przepisami w dwóch różnych aktach prawnych. Przepis implementujący art. 2 pkt 5 dyrektywy został umieszczony w tej odrębnej ustawie. Definiuje on umowę sprzedaży, ale obejmuje również umowę mieszaną z obowiązkiem świadczenia usług. Mimo że jego implementacja nastąpiła poza kodeksem cywilnym, odgrywa on istotną rolę jako zasada ogólna w stosunku do implementujących dyrektywę przepisów wdrożonych do kodeksu cywilnego. Ta skomplikowana, wielowarstwowa struktura powoduje szereg problemów dotyczących rzeczywistego zakresu stosowania art. 6 ustawy o prawach konsumenta. Autor podejmuje kwestię metodologii techniki implementacji prawa Unii Europejskiej do skodyfikowanego systemu prawnego.
EN
The paper deals with questions surrounding the transposition of the Consumer Rights Directive into the Polish legal system. The paper focuses on Article 2. No 5. of the Directive and its implementation. The Polish legislator has passed a separated Consumer Rights Act and yet some of the relevant provisions are placed in the Polish Civil Code. Problems arise in the mutual interaction of relevant rules spread in two different legal acts. The national rule implementing Article 2 No. 5 of the Directive has been placed in the Consumer Rights Act. It defines sales contracts but also covers mixed contracts with a service component. Although its implementation has been placed outside the Civil Code, the above provision plays the role of a general rule in relation to the provisions implementing the Directive that have been inserted into the Civil Code. This complex multi-layer structure causes several problems with the actual scope of the application of Article 6 of the Consumer Rights Act. The paper deals also with the methodology of the technique used to implement European law in the codified system.
2

Transpozycja dyrektywy Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady UE 2019/771 z dnia 20 maja 2019 r. w sprawie niektórych aspektów umów sprzedaży towarów

51%
Wiewiórowska A., Zoll F., Południak-Gierz K., Bańczyk W.
Kwartalnik Prawa Prywatnego
|
2021
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vol. 30
|
issue 4
915-934
EN
The Member States should adopt and publish measures necessary to implement Directive 2019/771 on the sale of goods by 1 July 2020 and apply these from 1 January 2022. The Polish Government Legislation Centre published a draft act implementing both Directive 2019/770 and Directive 2019/771 in late December 2020. The proposal was widely criticized by the judiciary, consumer organizations and legal scholars. During a series of open seminars by the Jagiellonian University an academic proposal of an act implementing both directives was prepared. First, the article focuses on the implementation of Directive 2019/771. It aims at presenting the main weaknesses of the ministerial project which render the eventual adoption of this draft act detrimental both for private law subjects (equally consumers and sellers) and for the Polish private law system. The key objection concerns the decision to implement the directive in a separate act (Act on consumer rights of 30 May 2014) rather than within the Civil Code. The apparent obstacles for the implementation of the directive within the Civil Code are challenged. Second, the core ideas behind the academic draft are discussed, focusing on why and how Directive 2019/771 should be implemented within the Civil Code.
3
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Czynności notarialne online – podstawy de lege lata i uwagi de lege ferenda

51%
Rott-Pietrzyk E., Zoll F., Szostek D., Grochowski M.
Forum Prawnicze
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2020
|
issue 4 (60)
38-56
EN
The text attempts to conceptualize the possible reform of the procedure of making notarial deeds in Poland. It examines the feasibility of drafting and signing these deeds in the course of online communication between parties. The analysis builds on the significant constraints for the classic notarial procedure (based on paper documents and on the physical presence of a notary and parties) that were triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic. Its aim reaches, however, further beyond the present-day realities and seeks possible ways to generally modernize provisions on notarial deeds and to adjust them to the growing proliferation of online communication in the society. The text ascertains that the existing structure of provisions on notarial deeds already allows for making notarial deeds online, without profound legislative changes. It can be achieved predominantly by altering the attitude towards interpretation of these rules, especially through a more profound insight into the function of these provisions and the interrelation between their rationale and the features of the online communication. In the latter regards, the text makes an in-depth scrutiny of possible guarantees for communicational efficacy and for authenticity of notarial deeds that are provided by the advanced methods of transmitting and storing data online.
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