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Ponowoczesność, czyli człowieczeństwo zdegradowane?

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Nakoneczny T.
Rocznik Teologii Katolickiej
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2014
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vol. 13
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issue 1
PL
Dr TOMASZ NAKONECZNY – adiunkt w Instytucie Wschodnim Uniwersytetu im. A. Mickiewicza w Poznaniu. Zajmuje się współczesnym literaturoznawstwem, głównie polskim i rosyjskim, kulturą popularną w Europie Wschodniej, a także historią idei obejmującą okres od oświecenia do ponowoczesności.
EN
The article poses the question on conditio humana on the background of conflict between the two ideological orientation of our time: constructivism and essentialism. The first orientation continues the project of human emancipation, whose initial ideas shaped the Enlightenment. In this framework, the man is a constructor of his world. The second orientation includes a number of traditions and paradigms, describing the man as irrevocably immersed in the world of standards and truths derived from the non-human reality. The author reflects on the implications of the this ideological conflict to our ideas of man as a creature of special moral status.
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THE COLONISED IMPERIALIST. ON THE RUSSIAN PARADOX ON THE EXAMPLE OF 'GENERATION P' BY V. PELEVIN AND 'RUSSIA UNDER AVALANCHE' BY A. SOLZHENITSYN (Polish title - below)

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Nakoneczny T.
Porównania
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2008
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vol. 5
183-201
EN
(Title in Polish - 'Imperialista skolonizowany. O rosyjskim paradoksie kolonialnym na przykladzie 'Generation P' W. Pielewina i 'Rosja w zapasci' A. Solzenicyna'). The article aims at indicating the major limits of the post-colonial theory that result from its two important aspects: the moral and the political one. The existence of the first reason leads to the fact that postcolonialism is included into the leftist line of thought. The other reason makes it a sort of a weapon for a political fight for prestige and recognition. The case analysed in details is Russian imperialism whose influence on literature can be noticed not only in the past (e.g. in the 19th century classics) but also contemporarily. In order to corroborate the general remarks the author focuses on two works - 'Russia Under Avalanche' by Aleksander Solzhenitsyn and 'Generation P' by Victor Pelewin. The author underscores that both reveal the existence of the Russian paradox that consists in the fact that the identity discourse on the grounds of Russian literature results in a more or less conscious return to thinking in imperialistic categories.
3
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Sprzeczności i wyzwania demokracji liberalnej. Zarysowanie pola refleksj

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Nakoneczny T.
Przegląd Zachodni
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2021
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issue 4 (381)
7-30
EN
The aim of the article is to show the weaknesses of the demoliberal paradigm resulting both from its internal, discursive conditions, as well as from its historical grounding together in the course of the cultural and civilizational evolution of Western societies (on the trajectory of premodern - modern - postmodernity) and in the structures of hegemonic and dependence relations between the West and the non-Western world. The issue under consideration appears to be important because the aforementioned weaknesses affect the development prospects of the demoliberal formation in the contemporary world, the specificity of which is in turn largely determined by the post-colonial status structure and the increasingly clear symptoms of the reconfiguration of the international system of power and dependencies. The basic internal contradiction of the demoliberal discourse is based on the contradictory implications of the idea of equality and freedom, the latter of which is dynamized by emancipatory tendencies that violate the ordering powers of an equality utopia. The noticed contradiction emphasizes the growing importance of identity politics in contemporary liberal democracies. The latter derives largely from the conflict of tradition and revolution, fundamental to the beginnings of modernity, the latter of which, as a social force and as a political and social project, is motivated by, among other things, democratic and liberal ideas. The entanglement of the democratic-liberal evolution in cultural contradictions and apories characteristic of the history of the Western world calls into question the universalism of the demoliberal paradigm. On the other hand, the conflict of utopias, both those under the sign of tradition and those under the sign of the revolution, is being relativized due to the emancipatory tendencies that destroy both them. The formal fulfilment of an equality and freedom utopia not only does not mitigate the aspirations for further emancipation, but also seems to be conducive to deepening the identity dilemmas of demoliberal societies. The particularization of identity discourses that takes place in this context threatens the social consensus around traditional demoliberal values. It also threatens the authority of the demoliberal formation, its coherence and credibility in the perception of different cultures, in relation to which the former plays an analogous role as it played at the dawn of Western European modernity in relation to tradition. The author sees a remedy for the crisis of cohesion and credibility of the demoliberal formation, among others in broadening the scope of inclusiveness by liberal culture of various identity policies, as well as in deepening the practices of deliberativeness responsible for social consensuality. Noticing the importance of the discursive and moral factor in the article does not obscure the influence of Realpolitik on contemporary liberal democracy. Real politics emphasizes the importance of the United States as the leader of the demoliberal camp, although it does not yet determine whether and how the American center of power will retain its stabilizing powers in the reality of a multipolar order. Due to the interdiscursive nature of the considerations, inevitable due to their subject matter, the article refers to a broader disciplinary background, including, apart from the above-mentioned postcolonial studies, e.g. philosophical anthropology, historiosophy, political theory and cultural criticism.
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Współczesna „kulturalizacja” sportu jako forma kompensacji

100%
Nakoneczny T.
Przegląd Zachodni
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2018
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issue 4(369)
203-219
EN
The article addresses the issue of the cultural characteristics of contemporary sport. The crucial questions posed in this context concern the perspective of the further existence of sport as a formation entangled in fundamental contradictions resulting from the mutual incompatibility of its praxeological and ideological-moral functions. Striving to neutralize or mitigate these contradictions, sport reveals its strong addiction to the logic of the market on the one hand, and on the other hand to the logic generated by the needs and dilemmas of contemporary culture.
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