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Personnel Costs in Polish Companies (over the years 1998-2003): Study Results

100%

Kunasz M.

Zarządzanie Zasobami Ludzkimi

2006

issue 5(50)

57-79

Changes in the perception of creative sources of competitive advantage in contemporary businesses as well as those taking place in the company environment have resulted in the view that activities in the personnel sphere are costs - the previous way of thinking being replaced by a new approach - that this is a unique investment. However, this in no way means that it is no longer necessary to monitor expenditures on a continuous basis. Therefore, this article defines labor costs and personnel expenditures, followed by an analysis of the size, structure, directions, and dynamics of changes that have occurred. This is presented in its comprehensive, unit, and relative aspects in companies traded on the Warsaw Stock Exchange over the years 1998 and 2003.

Tools Used in Practice by Enterprises in the Individual Stages of Training Process

100%

Kunasz M.

Organization and Management

2006

issue 1(123)

99-117

Training and in-service training of employees due to consistent changes, starts to be a constant, never-ending process. It consists of few stages depending on the model of training that guarantee rationality of organizational behaviour. A systematic model, the most common in the professional literature, constitutes the sequence of following stages: recognition of training needs, preparing the schedule and plan of training, conducting training and evaluating training efficiency. Theory and practice at every above-mentioned stage offer, at present, a wide range of tools that can be used. However, enterprises have limited financial, equipment and personal means, that is why they have to make alternative choices concerning e.g. the level of using particular instruments. In this context, it is justified to make an attempt to determine which tools are used most frequently and which of them are useless at particular stages of training. Empirical researches in this scope were conducted in enterprises that are traded on the Warsaw Stock Exchange in the period of 1998 and 2003.

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1 Organization and Management

1 Zarządzanie Zasobami Ludzkimi

2 Kunasz M.

2 2006

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Personnel Costs in Polish Companies (over the years 1998-2003): Study Results

Tools Used in Practice by Enterprises in the Individual Stages of Training Process