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Czy są w Polsce nazwy miejscowości z formantem -ła?

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Acta onomastica
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2008
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vol. 49
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issue 1
154-161
EN
The aim of the article is to provide an analysis of Polish place-names ending in -la. The principle question asked by the authoess is whether this ending has a role of a word-formative suffix. The analysis shows that the formative -la has very small productivity; it occurs only in oikonyms Modla (of uncertain etymology), which would suggest the existence of a common noun modla (extinct nowadays) with a topographic meaning in Slavonic. The names Modla, belonging mostly to administratively independent objects (villages), recorded starting from 15th century, have rarely been subject to structural changes. They occur exclusively in Central Poland.
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Charakterystyka polskich chrematonimów kosmicznych

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EN
The aim of the article is to provide a synthesis of knowledge in the field of structural and semantic types occurring in the names of the instruments of discovering the universe, described here by the term cosmic chrematonyms. The analysed onymic material includes: 1) names of intellectual (non-material) objects, such as scientific programmes and institutions connected with the field, as well as titles of the catalogues of astral objects, 2) names of technical astronomic and astronautic equipments, 3) names of terrestrial objects used for observations of the universe.
EN
The article gives a linguistic analysis of place-names ending in -awka and -awki. The purpose of the paper was to single out oikonyms whose endings are also suffixes which form names and to analyze the role they play in those names. Place-names ending in –awka are very rare. Their basis are verbs, but also adjectives and nouns. They bring topographic and sometimes cultural information. It is typical that (apart from the oldest documented name of the village of Rudawka in Western Pomerania (Pomorze Zachodnie) there are no such names in the western zone, they occasionally occur in Western Pomerania and central Poland. There are more such names in Lesser Poland (Małopolska) and in the eastern part of Poland. All this proves that the -awka suffix does not perform a word- forming function.
DE
Im Referat geht es um polnische geographische Namen mit dem anlautenden Niem-I/Niemc-, die auf Appellativa, Personennamen bzw. Ethnonyme mit der Basis niem- (aus *mem) mit ursprünglicher Bedeutung stotternd, stumm, unverständlich und folglich fremd, woraus sich Niemiec (Deutscher) entwickelte, zurückgehen. Dieser Namentyp ist in Polen deutlich geprägt, aber zahlenmäßig gering. Er umfaßt ca. 150 Namen - viele davon wurden nach dem Kriege von der Kommission für Namen (KUNM) beseitigt. Der älteste Name mit niem- stammt aus dem 11. Jh. (Niemcza), die meisten jedoch kommen aus dem 20. Jh. Die ältesten dieser Namen gehen auf Personennamen bzw. Appellativa zurück, den neueren liegen Spitznamen bzw. das Ethnonym Niemiec (Deutscher) zugrunde, was durch historische Geschehnisse bedingt wurde. In der von Taszycki vorgenommenen Klassifizierung handelt es sich hier um Namen, die ethnischen bzw. possessiven Charakter haben. Sie kommen gerade vor allem dort vor, wo das deutsche Element nicht dominierend war. wo also die genannte Basis merkmalhaft war.
EN
Characterized in this article is a reverse dictionary of contempory official names of localities in Poland that has been prepared for publication. It is based on 55 thousand different names for approximately one hundred thousand inhabited places. There are several times that many entries in the dictionary because all the component elements of compound toponyms are presented. This creates an enormous collection that combines a reverse dictionary with a derivational-semantic lexicon. For that reason, it can be used to analyze the construction and meaning of oikonoyms, and to designate frequency and areas of individual onymic types. The dictionary also makes possible comparison of terrain names and appellatives.
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