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EN
The aim of this paper is to place the case of the British 2016 referendum on whether to remain or leave the EU within theories of preference formation. Events and processes observed recently such the politicization of European integration, the growth of Eurosceptic and populist parties and movements, and more and more frequent reliance on voters’ opinions expressed in referendums – of which the British 2016 referendum is a special case – beg to consider which theories are best placed to explain these developments. The answer to these questions have a profound importance both from the perspective of EU politics, and allows for a better understanding of British politics too. The analysis spans since 1990s, thus stressing the importance of a long-standing processes for preference formation. In conclusion, the author assigns the highest explanatory power to historical institutionalism, focusing on the key role of British party politics, and intra-party divides in particular.
EN
The article is devoted to the genesis and evolution of a faction of the European People's Party (EPP), currently the largest political faction within the European Parliament (EP). Although the literature dealing with the subject of political factions within the EP is growing increasingly, one of its fundamental deficiencies is overlooking the potential influence, within a given faction, of the political ideology of the parties represented on the method of its organisation. It is for this reason that the author proposes to explain the evolution of the EPP first and foremost through focussing on the influence of Christian Democrat ideology on its work methods, as well as on attempts to extend the EPP by a new party and the effects thereon. Conceptual solutions dealing with the motives underlying the formation and expansion of political factions precede the actual analysis, as does a brief discussion of the influence of Christian Democrat ideology on that party's organisation in Western Europe. In the main section, the author undertakes to verify the hypothesis that the EPP faction's strategy of expansion in the 1980s and 90s, primarily through opening itself to conservative parties, resulted from the definitional multidimensionality of Christian Democracy and Christian Democratic movements. The developmental stage of the EPP (1953-1999) which is presented, including, in particular, its expansion through new members, is a positive verification of the afore-mentioned hypothesis. Nonetheless, in conclusion, the author claims that within the EPP faction two Christian Democrat blocs appear to exist, which, although they are united in certain political ideas, differ diametrically in their visions of conducting policy and building a political league.
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