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DILEMMAS OF THE BRITISH STRATEGY IN THE MIDDLE EAST, AS REFLECTED IN THE J. B. GLUBB'S REPORTS FROM THE PERIOD 1951-1952

100%
Wroblewski B.
Hemispheres. Studies on Cultures and Societies
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2007
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issue 22
122-132
EN
The paper, which is a contribution to an extensive literature on the subject, is focused on an opinion expressed on the matter by John Bagot Glubb who was an interesting representative of the British military establishment. The article is based on an analysis of two letters dispatched by J.B. Glubb to London in 1951 and 1952. They may hardly be called official reports. They consituted his personal contribution to the discussion just then carried out in the top military circles. The author briefly described the political situation in the Middle East at the begginning of the 1950s, emphasizing the dilemmas faced by the British during that period. J. B. Glubb was by no means a typical British officer, at least not typical of the 1950s. His views may frequently be described as controversial. His perception of reality must be called anachronistic. However, it needs to be remembered that J.B. Glubb, albeit an outsider, was nonetheless recognized by the British elite as an important expert on the Arab issue.
2
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THE INTERNAL SITUATION OF JORDAN IN THE LIGHT OF JOHN BAGOT GLUBB'S CORRESPONDENCE WITH GENERAL GERALD TEMPLER (THE LETTER OF 2 FEBRUARY 1956 AND THE TELEGRAM OF 11 JANUARY 1956)

100%
Wroblewski B.
Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia
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2008
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issue 21
111-119
EN
The article presents two letters written by J.B. Glubb, the leader of Jordan's army. The first document is the telegram of 11 January 1956 and it was written to the War Office in London. The second document is the three-page letter of 2 February 1956 which is addressed to the Chief of British Army Staff, General Gerald Templer. The author has discovered these letters in the National Archives in London. Their content has been recently declassified (2007). The content of these two documents is presented together with the author's commentary. The telegram of 11 January 1956 shows fundamental facts connected with the riots in Jordan in January 1956. In the letter of 1956 the Legion commander analyzed political reasons and possible effects of these disturbances. The most interesting is the view of J.B.Glubb on the matter of political activity of Jordanian army officers. Glubb suggested that military coup d'etat would be a positive event from the British point of view. The author's commentary shows the importance of these fragments
3
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THE HASHEMITES AND THE BREAK-UP OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE

100%
Wroblewski B.
Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia
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2006
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issue 19
99-118
EN
The Hashemites - the family claiming its origins from Fatima, the daughter of Prophet Muhammad, and her older son, Hassan, as their prime male ancestor, has played an important role within the Ottoman Empire. Since the 10th century, the head of the family had always resided in Mecca and governed the city as the Sharif of Mecca, taking care and protecting pilgrims. The paper presents some views on the Hashemites in the period of the late Ottoman Empire, 1908-1925. In that period, the Hashemites are seen as intermediary between traditional tribal structures and Turks, as well as between the Arab national movement and Great Britain. The author aims to highlight certain aspects of the political line pursued by the Hashemites, and analyses possible motives and reasons of changes in that politics. He claims that the real motivation of the Hashemites which drove them to make political decisions would be rather that of desire to capture and fight for the caliphate than an idea of pan-Arabism. The paper bases on analysis of the memoirs of Abdullah ibn Hussein, an important member of the Hashemite clan of those days. This source seems to be especially valuable as regards explanations of the clan's motivations. It can, however - as the author notes - be considered as a one-sided.
4

A REPORT BY GLUBB PASHA OF 13 JULY 1946 - THE BRITISH AND THE TRANSJORDANIAN VIEW OF THE DIVISION OF PALESTINE (Raport Glubba Paszy z 13 lipca 1946 r. - brytyjskie i transjordanskie spojrzenie na problem podzialu Palestyny)

100%
Wroblewski B.
Dzieje Najnowsze
|
2009
|
issue 1
111-122
EN
In the past several years the British have rendered accessible a number of essential documents, or their fragments, concerning events in the Middle East during the 1940s and 1950s. The author of this article examined pertinent sources at the Public Record Office in London, and while studying the question of British-Jordanian relations he came across an interesting report dispatched by the commander-in-chief of the Jordanian armed forces. This was the British officer John Bagot Glubb, whose role exceeded that of head of the Arab Legion, and whom British generals regarded as an important expert on the Middle East. The report, dated 13 July 1946, proved to a holistic plan for solving the Palestinian question by introducing a division into an Arab and a Jewish state. The presented article analyses and presents the historical background of the plan. Already in the 1930s British undertakings resulted in an irresolvable conflict involving the Arabs and the Jews. After a brief interval at the time of the Second World War the Jewish conflict erupted once again. These were conditions in which J. B. Glubb proposed his plan. The author of the document suggested a division of Palestine unfavourable for the Jewish side. The Jewish state was to encompass the Coastal Plain to the north of Tel Aviv and a major part of Galilee. Almost the whole remaining part of Palestine was to be linked with Transjordan into a single Arab state ruled by Abdullah I. J. B. Glubb explained that such a solution would make it possible to retain British domination in the region. The description was supplemented with a schematic hand drawn map of the division. J. B. Glubb demanded that the British authorities initiate rapid steps. More important, the report remains hostile towards the Zionist movement and the USA policy. Its author requested that the British carry out the division without negotiating the issue with the Americans. The titular document demonstrates the attitude of the British officer caste immediately after World War II, and its conviction about the omnipotence of the British Empire in the Middle East. This is precisely the reason why the report comprises an interesting source for becoming familiar with the history of the Middle East and British policy in this region.
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