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EN
Following the review of literature, the author tries to answer the question about the beginning of language and speech among the ancestors of humans. She presents stages of the brain and peripheral vocal apparatus development from Austarlopithecus, a manually skillful Homo habilis and Homo erectus with a marked cerebral lateralization and the Neanderthal, who had the makings of self-consciousness and symbols. The differences between language and proto-language are also discussed.
EN
Reading competence is indispensable in modern world. The purpose of the thesis Psycholinguistic and neurolinguistic factors affecting the acquisition of a second language (L2). The speed of reading as a measure of competence was to investigate the impact of psycholinguistic and neurolinguistic factors on the speed of reading in English (L2) such as the Critical Period, time of exposure, gender, handedness, motivation, tendency to take risk, and linguistic proficiency. Definitions of bilingualism, including artificial bilingualism, are discussed and the role of the first language in developing consecutive languages is emphasised. The author ascertains that there is a need to support adults who tend to be artificial bilinguals and adopt a linguistic lifestyle.
EN
The article reveals a well-established trend in the Polish medical language to use terms deriving from Greek and Latin, together with the latest trend to overuse English expressions and abbreviations and neglecting to translate them into Polish. There is no denying that creativity and economy of language is highly desirable among specialists. Yet, the question arises how to effectively reach doctors and persuade them to try to purify their language.
PL
W dzisiejszych czasach glottodydaktyk jest wystawiony na pokusę używania Internetu w celu rozwijania kompetencji językowych swoich uczniów. Internet zaspokaja ich zainteresowania i potrzeby intelektualne, a jego wykorzystanie w nauce języka obcego ma pewne cechy metody naturalnej. Pojawia się jednak obawa przed technologią i konektywizmem oraz wątpliwość, czy umysł poradzi sobie z selekcją nadmiaru informacji i z zapamiętywaniem. Okazuje się, że w początkowych etapach nauki języka obcego nie można przyspieszać procesów zapamiętywania, a informacje obcojęzyczne z Internetu nie będą w pełni wykorzystywane. Korzyści pojawiają się dopiero, gdy uczeń staje się językowo niezależny, czyli osiąga poziom przynajmniej B2, i potrafi skutecznie budować wiedzę i rozwijać znajomość języka obcego poprzez Internet. Obecnie wydaje się, że rolą glottodydaktyka jest pomoc uczniowi przez zarzucania kotwicy i nadawanie kierunku jego poszukiwań oraz organizowanie procesu dydaktycznego.
EN
Nowadays, a teacher of foreign languages is tempted to use the Internet in order to develop linguistic competencies of his or her students. The Internet satisfies their interests and intellectual needs and its use for learning a foreign language has some features of the natural method. However, there are some concerns about technology and connectivism - whether the mind is be able to cope with excess of information and memorizing. It has been proven that at early stages of learning a language the process of memorizing cannot be sped up, and information in the Internet is not fully used. Benefits emerge when the learner becomes linguistically independent, or has achieved at least B2 level and can both effectively build new knowledge and develop a foreign language. For the time being, the role of a teacher of foreign languages is helping the student in the didactic process by anchoring, guiding the research and organising the educational process.
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