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EN
The aim of the article is the reconstruction of innovation studies. The object of analysis will be selected knowledge forming mechanisms applied within this scientific area. There will be made an attempt to prove that the idea of innovation was used as the element of hegemonic strategy imposed by international organizations in order to maintain the existing rules of social reproduction. The methodological perspective adopted in the analysis is the constructivist model of cognition, among others, represented by A. Zybertowicz. According to it, the knowledge is determined by the circumstances and mechanisms of the social structures acting in the processes of converting interpretation into facts. Consequently, one is searching for the answer to a question: what role in this process play institutions of the power and money and their rhetorical devices. The research problem is analysed through the prism of two mechanisms: the motion of selective tradition and the strategy of expertise involved. Analysis of existing data and organizations’ reports, reveals that associates of the organizations, e.g. Ch. Freeman, constructed knowledge about the innovation on the foundation of ideological pre assumptions entered in their mission. Also the mechanism of selective tradition had no basis in the form of scientific research in the area of innovation studies, still it was applied due to the hegemonic rationality of the international actors. Therefore, in the field of innovation studies, the knowledge does not perform teleological function nor reach the essence of things, which in scientific cognition is the true, but allows to maintain the state of hegemony for prevailing classes. Paradoxically, innovation studies does not provide much information about innovativeness itself.
PL
Autor artykułu podejmuje próbę rekonstrukcji naukowej aktywności Christophera Freemana w obszarze innowacyjności. Przedstawiona zostanie genealogia, zainicjowanej przez brytyjskiego ekonomistę, tzw. europejskiej tradycji myśli nad technologią. Analiza zostanie dokonana w kontekście współpracy Freemana z organizacją OECD. Zgodnie z przyjętym przez autora konstruktywistycznym modelem poznania, procesy wiedzotwórcze są zawsze uwikłane w złożone relacje społeczne, związane m.in. z osiągnięciem przez jednostkę indywidualnego zwycięstwa naukowego. Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą rekonstrukcji takiego uwikłania. Wskazane zostaną więc te właściwości koncepcji innowacji opracowanej przez Freemana, które nie mają odpowiedniego umocowania empirycznego i nie realizują heurystycznych oraz teleologicznych cech poznania naukowego.
EN
The article is an attempt to reconstruct the scientific activity of Christopher Freeman in the area of innovations. The genealogy of European tradition, initiated by the British economist, will be described. The main context of analysis will be Freeman’s involvment in the cooperation with OECD. According to accepted by the author construstivist model of epistemology, the process of knowledge creation is always involved in complicated social relations, connected among others with achieving the individual scientific victory. This article is an attempt to reconstruct such entanglement. Therefore, there will be indicated the properties of the concept of innovation developed by Freeman, which do not have adequate empirical legitimacy nor perform heuristic and teleological characteristics of scientific knowledge.
PL
W Harmonii z Ludźmi oraz Naturą, Łatwość w jeździe, Celebracja jazdy to hasła przyświecające kolejnej, szóstej, edycji szkolenia Logistyka Odzysku w Japonii. W okresie 7-15 listopada 2015 roku mieliśmy okazję zwiedzić trzy zakłady: Suntory Musashino, muzeum Kawasaki oraz zakład Mazda. Ponadto dzięki bogatemu harmonogramowi wyjazdu na naszej trasie znalazły się również takie miasta, jak: Tokyo, Fujiyama, Kobe, Kyoto czy Hiroshima.
EN
In Harmony with People and Nature, Flexibility in driving, Celebration of driving are slogans guiding the next, sixth edition of the Reverse Logistics training in Japan. In the period from 7th to 15th November 2015 we had the opportunity to visit three plants of Suntory Musashino, the Kawasaki museum and the Mazda factory. In addition, thanks to a rich schedule of the trip we also toured such cities as Tokyo, Fujiyama, Kobe, Kyoto and Hiroshima.
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