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  2. 1 Studia Warmińskie

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  1. 2 Opalach C.

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Religijność personalna małżonków a ich postawy małżeńskie

100%
Opalach C.
Studia Warmińskie
|
2012
|
issue 49
211-225
EN
The aim of this article was to verify the hypothesis - the level of personal religiousness of a married couple correlates positively with their marital attitudes. R. Jaworski is a creator of typology of personal and a personal religiousness. His research shows that people with the first type of religiousness present: 1. A higher level of personality integration, 2. A higher level of adjustment in relations, 3. A higher level of demands, 4. All centrism (placing god in the center of life) and altruism. Marital attitudes mean a permanent inclination of assuming an attitude of a married couple towards each other. Most often they concern such dimensions as: 1. Closeness, informing about an emotional distance between the spouses, 2. Help, showing the degree of engagement of spouses in helping each other, 3. Governess deterring the depth of interference in spouses decision – making, 4. Demands, the level. Personal Religiousness Scale by R. Jaworski and family Attitudes Scale by M. Broun – Godowsky were applied in the research. The obtained results did not prove the hypothesis but sowed that when the level of personal religiousness increased, negative correlation between one of the dimensions – religious practices and married couple’s attitudes does not appear. It seems that the reasons of negative hypothesis verification was too little number of people in a group and the use of non – standardized methods. Therefore it is necessary to repeat the research excluding these two points.
DE
Der Artikel verfolgt das Ziel, die Hypothese zu verifizieren, dass es eine positive Korrelation zwischen dem personalen Niveau von Religiosität und den Einstellungen zur Ehe gibt. Die Typologie von der personalen und apersonalen Religiosität wurde von R. Jaworski vorgeschlagen. Nach seinen Untersuchungen zeichnen sich Personen mit dem ersten Typus der Religiosität durch folgende Charaktermerkmale aus: 1) höheres Niveau der Persönlichkeitsintegration, 2) höheres Niveau der Anpassung in Beziehungen, 3) höhere Anforderungen gegenüber der eigenen Person, 4) Allozentrismus (das Vorrücken Gottes ins Zentrum des Leben) und Altruismus. Der Begriff der Ehehaltungen verweist auf eine konstante Neigung in der gegenseitigen Beziehung von Eheleuten. Sie beziehen sich auf folgende Aspekte: 1) Nähe - informiert über die emotionale Distanz zwischen den Eheleuten, 2) Unterstützung - verweist auf das Engagement der Eheleute im gegenseitigen Helfen, 3) Leitung - bezieht sich auf den Grad der Einmischung in die Entscheidungen des anderen sowie 4) Anforderungen - verweist auf den Grad der Abstimmung zwischen Erwartungen und tatsächlichen Möglichkeiten der Eheleute. In den hier vorgelegten Untersuchungen wurden die Skala der personalen Religiosität von R. Jaworski sowie die Skala der Familienhaltungen von M. Braun-Gałkowska verwendet. Die anfangs gestellte Hypothese wurde im Laufe der Untersuchung nicht bestätigt, man konnte jedoch aufzeigen, dass mit dem Niveauanstieg der personalen Religiosität die negative Korrelation zwischen der Einstellung zur religiösen Praktiken und den Ehehaltungen vermindert wird. Es scheint, dass die negative Verifizierung der Anfangshypothese auf die geringe Zahl von untersuchten Personen sowie auf das Verwenden von nicht standarisierten Methoden zurückzuführen ist. Es empfiehlt sich die Wiederholung der Untersuchung unter verbesserten Bedingungen.
2
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Psychologiczne czynniki wspierające małżeństwo

100%
Opalach C.
Forum Teologiczne
|
2012
|
vol. 13
85-96
EN
This article shows that the factors preventing the breakdown of marriage are a mature personality, the ability to communicate and solve conflicts, religiosity, self-development and the family background. The first element is a mature personality: emotional stability, responsibility, mature motivation and correct hierarchy of values. These characteristics are very important for creating a deep and stable relationship, which is marriage. The next factor is the ability to communicate and solve conflicts. Proper communication allows the spouses to share their experiences, know each other better, build an atmosphere of openness and security, as well as resolve emerging conflicts. Another factor is religiosity. It allows one to create a dialogue with God and another person, as well as a non-egocentric attitude, which places God at the centre of life. A result of this is altruism of the spouse in the life of a married couple. Another factor is the readiness for self-development. Such an attitude does not allow spouses to hide behind their immature mechanisms of defense against weaknesses and mistakes, but tells them to take up the internal work on their liquidation and the result is that the stability of the relationship increases. Finally, the final factor is the family background, which is a natural space for the proper shaping of all previous elements. Thanks to this, people from such families will not manipulate their spouses to achieve their development needs but they will be shown the correct picture of a marriage, which will be the point of reference for creating their own marriage.
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